Cited by 113Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchPsychosomatic Disorders and Their TreatmentsPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research

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The relationship between ICD-11 PTSD, complex PTSD and dissociative experiences

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Hyland, Philip, Shevlin, Mark, Fyvie, Claire, Cloitre, Marylène, Karatzias, Thanos·2020·Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

DOI 10.1080/15299732.2019.1675113

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Abstract

Debate exists in the trauma literature regarding the role of dissociation in traumatic stress disorders. With the release of the new ICD-11 diagnostic guideline for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD), this issue warrants further attention. In the current study, we provide a preliminary assessment of the associations between ICD-11 CPTSD and dissociative experiences. This study is based on a sample (N = 106) of highly traumatized clinical patients from the United Kingdom who completed measures of traumatic stress and dissociative experiences. The majority of participants met the diagnostic criteria for CPTSD (69.1%, n = 67), with few patients qualifying for a diagnosis of PTSD (9.3%, n = 9). Those with CPTSD had significantly higher levels of dissociative experiences compared to those with PTSD (Cohen’s d = 1.04) and those with no diagnosis (Cohen’s d = 1.44). Three CPTSD symptom clusters were multivariately associated with dissociation: Affective Dysregulation (β = .33), Re-experiencing in the here and now (β = .24), and Disturbed Relationships (β = .22). These findings indicate that dissociative experiences are particularly relevant for clinical patients with CPTSD. Future longitudinal work will be needed to determine if dissociation is a risk factor for, or outcome of, CPTSD.

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Authors: Hyland, P., Shevlin, M., Fyvie, C., Cloitre, M., & Karatzias, T.
Affiliations: National University of Ireland, Maynooth (IE)
Ulster University, Derry-Londonderry Campus (GB)
NHS Lothian (GB)
National Center for PTSD Dissemination and Training Division, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
Corresponding author: Hyland, Philip
ORCID: Hyland, Philip
Shevlin, Mark
Karatzias, Thanos
Venue: Journal of Trauma & Dissociation
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2019-10-04
Volume: 21
Issue: 1
Pages: 62-72
ISSN: 1529-9732 (ISSN-L)
1529-9740
DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2019.1675113
OpenAlex: W2963913983
Cited by: 113
References: 29
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 2
FWCI: 11.38
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
researchrepository.napier.ac.uk
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Journal of Trauma & Dissociation (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Maynooth University ePrints and eTheses Archive (Maynooth University) (acceptedVersion)
Edinburgh Napier Research Repository (Edinburgh Napier University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Research Output (Edinburgh Napier University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Ulster University Research Portal (Ulster University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Keywords: complex PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder, dissociation, dissociative experiences, ICD-11 diagnostic criteria, emotional dysregulation, re-experiencing, symptom clusters, trauma
MeSH terms: Adult, Dissociative Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Scotland, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, International Classification of Diseases

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The relationship between ICD-11 PTSD, complex PTSD and dissociative experiences

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