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Internalized Stigma Within Sexual and Gender Minorities: Change Strategies and Clinical Implications
Abstract
Internalized stigma (including internalized homophobia/ heterosexism and internalized transphobia/genderism) negatively affects lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals' mental health and well-being. Early writings framed internalized stigma as a reaction provoked by a susceptibility to external stigma that should be addressed within the person. However, recent writers have drawn sustained connections between internalized stigma and heterosexist and transphobic sociopolitical atmospheres. Research on the experience of internalized stigma and its negative outcomes are reviewed and evidence-based therapeutic guidelines applicable across various theoretical orientations are presented for counselors working with sexual and gender minority clients.
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“Finally, some LGBTQ young people have internalized negative sociocultural views about themselves, such as viewing their identities as abnormal, immoral, or pathological.”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Puckett, J. A., & Levitt, H. M.
- Affiliations
- University of South Dakota (US)
- University of Massachusetts Boston (US)
- Corresponding author
- Puckett, Jae A.
- Venue
- Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-10-02
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 329-349
- ISSN
- 1553-8605 (ISSN-L)
- 1553-8338
- OpenAlex
- W2199817297
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 8.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of LGBTQ Issues in Counseling (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Counseling Practices and Supervision
- Keywords
- self-stigma, internalized homophobia, internalized transphobia, sexual and gender minorities, LGBTQ mental health, heterosexism, genderism, counseling intervention, treatment options, socio-political factors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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