The DOI matches its Crossref record; 61 of the 61 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A visitor flow management process for touristified archaeological sites
Abstract
In recent decades the number of visitors to archaeological sites has increased exponentially. This increase has generated both negative and positive impacts. This article proposes a Visitor Flow Management Process (VFMP) that aims to minimize the negative impacts and enhance the benefits visitor flows can have in touristified archaeological sites. Although several proposals for visitor management frameworks exist for natural protected areas, for archaeological sites there are only isolated strategies and actions. Following a review of the literature on the visitor impacts and visitor management strategies implemented in 11 touristified archaeological sites around the world, 96 visitor management measures were identified, classified and synthesized into a three stage-process: (1) Restrict the number of visitors; (2) Redistribute visitor flows in time and space and (3) Interpret the archaeological site considering the mass influx of visitors. VFMP is a useful tool for heritage site managers dealing with mass tourism, whose implementation can contribute to reducing damage to heritage and enhancing the quality of the visitor experience.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Citations
Cites
Towards a classification of cultural tourists
McKercher, B. (2002) · International Journal of Tourism Research · doi:10.1002/jtr.346 · Cited by 613
Sustainable Tourism : Theory and Practice
Weaver, D. B. (2006) · Cited by 536
Progress in visitor attraction research: Towards more effective management
Leask, A. (2009) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2009.09.004 · Cited by 247
A conceptual model of tourist‐wildlife interaction: the case for education as a management strategy
Orams, M. B. (1996) · Australian Geographer · doi:10.1080/00049189608703156 · Cited by 192
Encouraging sustainability beyond the tourist experience: ecotourism, interpretation and values
Walker, K., & Moscardo, G. M. (2014) · Journal of Sustainable Tourism · doi:10.1080/09669582.2014.918134 · Cited by 182
The effectiveness of environmental interpretation at resource‐Sensitive tourism destinations
Kuo, I. (2002) · International Journal of Tourism Research · doi:10.1002/jtr.362 · Cited by 174
Visitor Management: Case Studies from World Heritage Sites
Shackley, M. (1997) · Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository) · Cited by 166
Ballantyne, R., Hughes, K., Lee, J. A., Packer, J., & Sneddon, J. (2017) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2017.07.015 · Cited by 151
Manning, R. E. (2001) · Journal of Park and Recreation Administration · Cited by 146
Managing outdoor recreation: case studies in the national parks
(2017) · CABI eBooks · doi:10.1079/9781786391025.0000 · Cited by 143
Tourism and National Parks: Issues and Implications
Butler, R. W., & Boyd, S. (2000) · Wiley eBooks · Cited by 133
Visitor Management in Protected Areas: From ‘Hard’ to ‘Soft’ Approaches?
Mason, P. A. (2005) · Current Issues in Tourism · doi:10.1080/13683500508668213 · Cited by 120
Value orientations and heritage tourism management at Petra Archaeological Park, Jordan
Alazaizeh, M. M., Hallo, J. C., Backman, S. J., Norman, W. C., & Vogel, M. A. (2016) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2016.05.008 · Cited by 109
Environmental Interpretation Evaluation in Natural Areas
Munro, J. K., Morrison‐Saunders, A., & Hughes, M. P. (2008) · Journal of Ecotourism · doi:10.2167/joe137.0 · Cited by 99
McCool, S. F., & Cole, D. N. (1997) · doi:10.2737/int-gtr-371 · Cited by 98
Breeze, D. J., & Dobson, B. (1968) · Cited by 81
Understanding Tourist Experience through Mindfulness Theory
Moscardo, G. (2008) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203881804-17 · Cited by 79
PRESENTING ARCHAEOLOGY TO THE PUBLIC
Copeland, T. (2004) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203646052-12 · Cited by 73
van der Knaap, W. G. M. (1999) · Tourism Geographies · doi:10.1080/14616689908721294 · Cited by 64
Patrimonios culturales y turistas: unos leen lo que otros miran
Talavera, A. S. (2003) · PASOS Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural · doi:10.25145/j.pasos.2003.01.001 · Cited by 63
Spatial strategies for managing visitor impacts in National Parks
Leung, Y., & Marion, J. L. (1999) · Journal of Park and Recreation Administration · Cited by 54
Managing outdoor recreation: case studies in the National Parks
(2012) · CABI Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1079/9781845939311.0000 · Cited by 47
If you dig it, they will come!
Ramsey, D., & Everitt, J. (2008) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2007.11.002 · Cited by 37
Social Carrying Capacity Challenges in Parks, Forests, and Protected Areas
Burns, R. C., Arnberger, A., & von Ruschkowski, E. (2010) · International Journal of Sociology · doi:10.2753/ijs0020-7659400302 · Cited by 37
Chapter Thirteen. Heritage And Indigeneity: Transformations In The Politics Of Tourism
Castañeda, Q. E. (2009) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/ej.9789004176409.i-324.89 · Cited by 35
Capacidad de carga en grandes recursos turístico-culturales
Hernández, M. G., & Vaquero, M. D. L. C. (2012) · Anales de Geografía de la Universidad Complutense · doi:10.5209/rev_aguc.2012.v32.n2.39720 · Cited by 34
Willis, K. G. (2009) · International Journal of Tourism Research · doi:10.1002/jtr.715 · Cited by 33
Helmy, E. (2004) · Current Issues in Tourism · doi:10.1080/1368350050408668199 · Cited by 33
Alazaizeh, M. M., Hallo, J. C., Backman, S. J., Norman, W. C., & Vogel, M. A. (2015) · Journal of Heritage Tourism · doi:10.1080/1743873x.2015.1113977 · Cited by 33
Hernández, M. G. (2001) · PH. Boletín del Instituto Andaluza del Patrimonio Histórico/PH/PH. Boletín del Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico/Boletín informativo - Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico · doi:10.33349/2001.36.1229 · Cited by 27
LOS IMPACTOS DEL TURISMO EN EL PERÚ
Óscar Tinoco, G. (2014) · Industrial Data · doi:10.15381/idata.v6i1.5982 · Cited by 21
Turismo y conjuntos monumentales. Capacidad de acogida turística y gestión del fruto de visitantes
Hernández, M. G. (2001) · Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja) · Cited by 20
Introduction to Visitor Management in Tourism Destinations.
Albrecht, J. N. (2017) · CABI eBooks · doi:10.1079/9781780647357.0003 · Cited by 18
Timothy, D. J. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_1244 · Cited by 18
Critical reflections on the role of interpretation in visitor management.
Moscardo, G. M. (2017) · CABI eBooks · doi:10.1079/9781780647357.0170 · Cited by 17
Technology as a tool to rebuild heritage sites: the second life of the Abbey of Cluny
Esteban, N. R. R. (2018) · Journal of Heritage Tourism · doi:10.1080/1743873x.2018.1468762 · Cited by 15
Augmented reality application to museum visitor experiences.
Hassan, A., & Ramkissoon, H. R. (2017) · CABI eBooks · doi:10.1079/9781780647357.0117 · Cited by 14
Tourism and archaeology: sustainable meeting grounds
(2014) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.51-5673 · Cited by 14
Strategies for Sustainable Tourism at the Mogao Grottoes of Dunhuang, China
Demas, M., Agnew, N. H., & Fan, J. (2014) · SpringerBriefs in archaeology. Archaeological heritage management/SpringerBriefs in archaeology/Springer briefs in archaeological heritage management · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-09000-9 · Cited by 13
Nuevos usos turísticos para el patrimonio minero en España
Alonso, G. J. C. (2016) · PASOS Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural · doi:10.25145/j.pasos.2016.14.065 · Cited by 10
Tourism, national parks and visitor management.
Sowman, P., Pearce, D. G., Butler, R. W., & Boyd, S. (2000) · Cited by 9
Visitor Management Plan and Sustainable Culture Tourism
Barmelgy, H. M. (2013) · International Journal of Educational Research · Cited by 8
Tourism and Archaeology: An Introduction
Walker, C., & Carr, N. (2016) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315416618-7 · Cited by 8
Visitor management at Stonehenge, UK
(2006) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780080461755-27 · Cited by 7
Visitor management at Stonehenge, UK
Mason, P. A. (2006) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-6546-9.50024-1 · Cited by 7
Heritage Management and Control
Hang, P. L. K., & Kong, C. (2001) · Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism · doi:10.1300/j162v02n01_07 · Cited by 6
Yamamoto, Y. S., & Hernández, R. N. (2014) · Anales de Antropología · doi:10.1016/s0185-1225(14)70244-9 · Cited by 6
Gestión Turística en Pompeya y Herculano
Melgarejo, A. M., & López, I. S. (2014) · PASOS Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural · doi:10.25145/j.pasos.2014.12.013 · Cited by 5
Turismo en el mundo Maya. Flujos de visitantes en el Sitio Arqueológico de Copán (Honduras)
Vaquero, M. D. L. C., & Hernández, M. G. (2015) · Cuadernos de Turismo · doi:10.6018/turismo.36.230901 · Cited by 5
Tourisme alternatif et sites archéologiques dans le Yucatan
Jouault, S., Enseñat-Soberanis, F., & Pulido-Madariaga, E. (2014) · Téoros Revue de recherche en tourisme · doi:10.7202/1042433ar · Cited by 5
Self-citationScuba divers’ household behaviour to reduce plastic and food waste
Mota, L. (2015) · International Journal of Research Studies in Psychology · doi:10.5861/ijrsp.2015.1056 · Cited by 4
Vázquez, M. G. (2012) · Boletín de antropología americana · Cited by 4
The Management and Marketing of Archaeological Sites: The Case of Hadrian’s Wall
Warnaby, G., Bennison, D. J., & Medway, D. (2016) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315416618-12 · Cited by 2
Museos de sitio y centros de interpretación: ¿excluyentes o complementarios?
Vázquez, M. G., & Castellanos, L. P. (2016) · Gaceta de Museos · Cited by 2
Regulación del uso turístico de la Alhambra
Martínez, V. E. C. (2004) · Cuadernos de La Alhambra · Cited by 1
Varisco, C. (2011) · Editorial Académica Española eBooks · Cited by 1
(2013)
Giza (Egypt)The use of GIS in managing a World Heritage Site
EVANS, K. (1998) · Visitor Management · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-4783-0.50009-4
Thebes (Luxor, Egypt)Traffic and visitor flow management in the West Bank Necropolis
RIVERS, J. (1998) · Visitor Management · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-4783-0.50013-6
Conclusions - visitor management at cultural World Heritage Sites
SHACKLEY, M. (1998) · Visitor Management · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-4783-0.50015-x
Hadrian's Wall (UK)Managing the visitor experience at the Roman frontier
TURLEY, S. (1998) · Visitor Management · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-4783-0.50010-0
Research works printed but not linked: 20
- Chamorro Martínez V. E., 2004, Cuadernos de La Alhambra, 40, 243
- Copeland T., 2004, Public archaeology, 132
- Équipe MIT, 2002, Tourism 1. Lieux communs
- García Hernández M., 2001, PH: Boletín Del Instituto Andaluz Del Patrimonio Histórico, 36, 124
- García Hernández M., 2003, Turismo y Conjuntos Monumentales. Capacidad de acogida y gestión de flujos de visitantes
- García Hernández M., 2012, Anales de Geografia, 32, 253
- Gándara M., 2012, Boletín de Antropología Americana, 47, 203
- Gándara Vázquez M., 2017, Gaceta de Museos, 66, 12
- Leung Y., 1999, Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 17, 20
- Mackay R., 2013, Visitor management and carrying capacity at World Heritage Sites in China, 111
- Manning R. E., 2001, Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 19, 93
- Moscardo G., 2009, Handbook of tourist behaviour: Theory and practice, 99
- Mustafa M. H., 2013, Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry, 13, 77
- Pedersen A., 2002, Managing tourism at World Heritage Sites: A practical manual for world heritage site managers
- Pedersen A., 2005, Gestión del turismo en sitios del patrimonio mundial: manual práctico para administradores de sitios del patrimonio mundial. Patrimonio Mundial Manuales
- Tinoco O., 2003, Producción y Gestión, 6, 47
- UNESCO, 2013, Managing cultural world heritage
- Veillon R., 2014, State of conservation of world heritage properties. A statistical analysis (1979–2013)
- Warnaby G., 2013, Tourism and archaeology. Sustainable meeting grounds, 113
- Yunfei Q., 2013, Visitor management and carrying capacity at World Heritage Sites in China, 29
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Touristification. Empty concept or element of analysis in tourism geography?
Ojeda, A. B., & Kieffer, M. (2020) · Geoforum · doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2020.06.021 · Cited by 133
Heritage Interpretation and Sustainable Development: A Systematic Literature Review
Nowacki, M. M. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13084383 · Cited by 105
Augmented reality system for tourism using image-based recognition
Chiu, C.-C., Wei, W., Lee, L.-C., & Lu, J.-C. (2019) · Microsystem Technologies · doi:10.1007/s00542-019-04600-2 · Cited by 41
Sustainable travel through experienced tourists’ desire for eudaemonia and immersion
Seeler, S., Schänzel, H. A., & Lück, M. (2021) · Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism · doi:10.1080/15022250.2021.1974541 · Cited by 37
Ding, S., Zhang, R., Liu, Y., Lu, P., & Liu, M. (2023) · Journal of Heritage Tourism · doi:10.1080/1743873x.2023.2214680 · Cited by 34
Metadata
- Authors
- Enseñat-Soberanis, F., Frausto-Martínez, O., & Gándara-Vázquez, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Quintana Roo (MX)
- Division of Sustainable Development, University of Quintana Roo, Cozumel, Mexico
- National School of Conservation, Restoration and Museography-INAH, Mexico City, Mexico
- Corresponding author
- Enseñat-Soberanis, Fernando
- Venue
- Journal of Heritage Tourism
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-10-10
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 340-357
- ISSN
- 1743-873X (ISSN-L)
- 1747-6631
- OpenAlex
- W2896328210
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 18.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Heritage Tourism (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (339845/588754)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Archaeology and Cultural Heritage
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Cultural Heritage Management and Preservation
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management › Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research
- Keywords
- visitor flow management, mass tourism, tourism impacts, site interpretation, heritage site management, visitor experience, cultural heritage preservation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review