The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 1 of the 10 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility
Open accessAbstract
The current text locates the anthropological study of roads within the wider context of studies on mobility and modernity. Besides introducing the articles of this special issue of Mobilities on roads and anthropology, this introduction also addresses some of the broader theoretical and epistemological implications of the anthropological perspective on roads, space, time and (im)mobility.
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This introduction to a *Mobilities* special issue argues that ethnographic attention to roads reveals them as interfaces that disconnect as effectively as they connect, and that they are central to a social science of (im)mobility, differential speed, and modernisation. It frames the collected case studies against anthropology's historical avoidance of roads and against the "non-place" thesis.
Key findings
- Roads "can disconnect as effectively as they forge connection"; too often they "fail to fulfil their promise" and "entrench the violent exclusions of established political and material orders."
- The volume's contribution is to locate specific roads and their material/social relations "without needing to decide in advance on the ontology, the scale or the extension of such relations," working across scales from materiality to subjects, state to society, global capital to local communities.
- The introduction summarises the issue's cases: Nielsen on road building in the Zambezi Valley, Mozambique (Chinese corporate capital and local workers, incomplete road materialities and wages re-materialised as houses or land); Klaeger on Ofankor's hawkers in Ghana and their engagement with differential speeds, rhythms and temporalities; Pedersen and Bunkenborg on the Sino-Mongolian border road as a "technology of distantiation" that makes the two sides less connected over time; Campbell on Brazil, where the colonial dream of a road fails to materialise and becomes a permanent project for state managers and rural Amazonian settlers, forging alliances between environmental activists and colonist farmers; Kernaghan on Peru's Eastern valleys, counter-insurgency against Shining Path and a US-sponsored cocaine-control project, where furrows and walls enabled often violent encounters; Harvey and Knox on an international highway connecting Peru and Brazil and the "materialities of promises"; Dalakoglou on socialist Albania's infrastructure fetishism and post-socialist spatial practices.
- Against Augé's claim that motorways are archetypal non-places, the introduction argues such spaces "do have social significance, cultural dimensions and relations to reveal," and that roads are "as likely to manifest state uncertainty as state capacity."
Methods
- This is an editorial introduction to a special issue of *Mobilities* on roads and anthropology; it introduces the collected articles and addresses broader theoretical and epistemological implications of an anthropological perspective on roads, space, time and (im)mobility.
- It synthesises comparative ethnographies "from across the world" (Mozambique, Ghana, the Sino-Mongolian border, Brazil, Peru, Peru–Brazil, Albania) rather than presenting original fieldwork of its own.
- It situates the collection historically, tracing anthropology's earlier commitment to "place-culture isomorphism" (Gupta and Ferguson) and citing Gluckman's 1958 Zululand bridge account as an antecedent, alongside Marxist and Situationist critiques of automobility (Debord, Lefebvre) and Augé's non-place.
Limitations
- The paper states no limitations of its own.
- Evident from the text: as an introduction it presents no primary data or systematic analysis, and its claims about individual cases are summaries of the other contributors' articles rather than independent findings.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
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Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
1 of 10 cited sources checked · 1 supported · 0 flagged
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Within this wider purview, our comparative ethnographies from across the world show how roads can disconnect as effectively as they forge connection.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesThe paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“People integrate these ribbons of asphalt concrete into their daily lives, cutting the aspirational down to size as the roads become just one of the possibilities or impediments to making a living in the hugely diverse circumstances in which they appear across the planet.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes? Based: unclearIn the paper
“With his classic account of the opening of a road bridge, Gluckman somehow inaugurated an ethnographic interest in this kind of space where diverse social and cultural groups move, meet and interact.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Gluckman 1958
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Not matched
In the paper
“The authors argue that such forces are integral to the ways in which roads come to endure as enchanted sites of contemporary state-craft, despite their capacity to disappoint and/or the likelihood of generating negative consequences.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Harvey and Knox
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This brings us to a main point we want to make with this volume, namely the contribution that ethnographic studies of roads can make to a more general social science of (im)mobility, differential speed, new landscapes, modernisation and networked infrastructures.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes? Checkable: unclear✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The contribution comes from the ways in which ethnographic studies locate specific roads and the material and social relations they entail, without needing to decide in advance on the ontology, the scale or the extension of such relations.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Abstract
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes? Based: unclearA conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In this tacit division of labour, roads and road travel were framed as unwelcome Western intrusions into non-Western worlds.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“It is in and through such sustained attention that the ethnographic studies of roads provide new perspectives on the simultaneity of global circulation and local lifeworlds of (im)mobility, speed, motion, frictions, tensions and journeys.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Commitment to this space-culture isomorphism made it hard for most of our disciplinary ancestors to find roads interesting as sites for their emergent anthropology.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIn the paper
“Since the 1950s Lettristsand later their intellectual offspring the Situationistshad been concentrating on a critique of dominant ways of perceiving space and the materialities of sovereignty.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Debord 1967
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Not matched
- Probably not a substantial claim. 16
- It may state two separate claims as one. 5
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“These boundaries were of key significance to the rationalist, separation of humanity into semi-sealed cultures, each identified with an apparently objectively identifiable location and set of cultural traits via a process that Gupta andFerguson (1992, 1997) termed place-culture isomorphism.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Gupta and Ferguson 1992 source
Split into 2 atoms — 2 confirmed, 0 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
- Not matchedcites Gupta and Ferguson 1997
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Moreover, roads inflect our contemporary lives in other ways as the ethnographic studies collected here show.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Too often they fail to fulfil their promise, too often they entrench the violent exclusions of established political and material orders.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In all cases, the roads emerge as interfaces, negotiating but also creating and consolidating boundaries and borders while at the same time transcending the limitations of prior relations in their promise of new found connectivity.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Such controversies arise from the fact that the planning and construction of a modern highway involves the accommodation of many competing interests and expectations (Thévenot 2002).”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Thévenot 2002 source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“If anthropologists were avoiding something, before the 1970s, it was perhaps better characterised as the crossing of established spatial-cultural boundaries through which particular cultural groups were specified and contained.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“They elicit powerful temporal imaginaries, holding out the promise (or threat) of future connectivity, while also articulating the political and material histories that often render these otherwise mundane spaces so controversial.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Thus, Nielsen describes how road building in the Zambezi Valley, Mozambique involves a tense engagement between Chinese corporate capital and local road workers; and he explains how the mystified incomplete road materialities and the fetishised incomplete wages are de-mystified and materialised by the Mozambican road workers in a different material entity: houses or land.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Nielsen
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
In the paper
“In the case of Brazil, Campbell asks what happens when the colonial dream of a road does not materialise as intended, and becomes instead a permanent project for both state managers but also rural Amazonian settlers.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Campbell
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedSingle caseTests✗ Asserted: fails✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Roads are materially embedded in local particularities, but the thematic concerns that these ethnographies raise also speak to a more general sense of promise and uncertainty associated with the idiom and materiality of (auto)mobility and its association with issues of modernisation, connectivity, growth, displacement, circulation, etc.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Abstract
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Rests on an assumption: Roads are materially embedded in local particularities.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This regional focus provides the grounding of any ethnographic approach to roads since then and readers may find the following studies useful additions to the articles and related bibliographies presented in this collection: Regarding Africa there are works from the southern Niger (Masquelier 1992(Masquelier , 2002)), Zaire (Fairhead 1994); Central African Republic (Giles-Vernick 1996) and”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > 1.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This was closely linked to events in the political arena which were in turn connected to the critical perception of auto-mobility and the infrastructures of post WWII capitalism.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The general turn in social science began in the late 1960s.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For example, airports, shopping malls and motorway service stations might be non-places to the passing travellerbut they are replete with social relations, with material histories, with regulatory forces and when given the chance reveal complex social and cultural dynamics that bear close attention.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, today, many recent studies, including the articles concentrated in this issue, imply that suchsupposedlynon-places do have social significance, cultural dimensions and relations to reveal.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For example, they suggested psychogeography as an alternative technique to engage with urban spatialities.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“They document the diverse ways in which roads gather events, and generate meaningful interactions (and separations) in the diverse rhythms and differential speeds.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“However, one could not claim the same with respect to archaeology, a discipline that has long shown an interest in the study of roads, trails and paths.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > 1.
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Snead et al. 2010 source
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The authors of the contributions to this special issue explore some of these surprising worlds that roads generate, looking beyond the promise of connectivity to observe how relations are (un)made in and through these most aspirational of social infrastructures.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“The traces of these ideas can be found in Marc Auge's influential discussion of the non-place (1995) and his suggestion that motorways are archetypal non-places, lacking in social significance (1995, pp. 73-77, 100, 106, 118).”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Augé 1995
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Anthropology traditionally devoted the majority of its research energy to describing populations and lifeworlds no longer visible in those other disciplinary spaces more likely to be fascinated by the successes and failures of modern capitalist systems.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Ethnocentric or not such statements are indicative of a certain approach that dominated most anthropological research and discourse in the past.”
§ Roads and Anthropology: Ethnographic Perspectives on Space, Time and (Im)Mobility > Roads and Cultural-Spatial Critique
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
The paper relies on this without support.
In the majority of cases roads are constructed as public works.
“Beyond the moral complexity of establishing the infrastructures as a 'public good'in the majority of cases roads are constructed as public worksthe realisation of such works involves financial, regulatory and technical relations that often fold international, national and local regimes into a single and specific location.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The realisation of road works involves financial, regulatory and technical relations that often fold international, national and local regimes into a single and specific location.
“Beyond the moral complexity of establishing the infrastructures as a 'public good'in the majority of cases roads are constructed as public worksthe realisation of such works involves financial, regulatory and technical relations that often fold international, national and local regimes into a single and specific location.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The general turn in social science began in the late 1960s.
“The background of this theoretical shift is the general turn in social science that began in the late 1960s.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Roads are materially embedded in local particularities.
“Roads are materially embedded in local particularities, but the thematic concerns that these ethnographies raise also speak to a more general sense of promise and uncertainty associated with the idiom and materiality of (auto)mobility and its association with issues of modernisation, connectivity, growth, displacement, circulation, etc.”
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Landscapes of Separation: Reflections on the Symbolism of By-pass Roads in Palestine
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Moran, J. (2009) · Cited by 21
Löfgren, O. (2004) · Focaal · doi:10.3167/092012904782311489 · Cited by 21
Vaĭnshteĭn, S. I. (1980) · Cited by 18
A Contribution to the Study of Zande Culture
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The Zande Corporation of Witchdoctors.
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Death on the Move: Landscape and Violence on the Highlands Highway, Papua New Guinea
Stewart, P. J., & Strathern, A. J. (1999) · Anthropology & Humanism · doi:10.1525/ahu.1999.24.1.20 · Cited by 8
The Zande Corporation of Witchdoctors.
Evans‐Pritchard, E. E. (1932) · The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland · doi:10.2307/2843961 · Cited by 8
Cresswell, T. (2011) · Progress in Human Geography · doi:10.1177/0309132511423349
CO-PRESENT LANDSCAPES: ROUTES AND ROOTEDNESS AS SOURCES OF IDENTITY IN HIGHLANDS NEW GUINEA
O’Hanlon, M., & Frankland, L. (2003) · Landscape, Memory and History · doi:10.2307/j.ctt18fsck3.10
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 54 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 17
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Politics and Poetics of Infrastructure
Larkin, B. (2013) · Annual Review of Anthropology · doi:10.1146/annurev-anthro-092412-155522 · Cited by 4,095
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Metadata
- Authors
- DALAKOGLOU, D., & HARVEY, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Sussex (GB)
- Corresponding author
- DALAKOGLOU, DIMITRIS
- Venue
- Mobilities
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2012-11
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 459-465
- ISSN
- 1745-0101 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-011X
- OpenAlex
- W2049694277
- Cited by
- 289
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 18.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Mobilities (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
- Sussex Research Online (University of Sussex) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- VU Research Portal (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Anthropological Studies and Insights
- Social Sciences › Urban Studies › Urban and sociocultural dynamics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social Acceleration and Temporality
- Keywords
- roads, mobility, immobility, space, time, modernity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-11-08, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-11-08 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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