The DOI matches its Crossref record; 106 of the 106 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Attentional focus and motor learning: a review of 15 years
Abstract
Over the past 15 years, research on focus of attention has consistently demonstrated that an external focus (i.e., on the movement effect) enhances motor performance and learning relative to an internal focus (i.e., on body movements). This article provides a comprehensive review of the extant literature. Findings show that the performance and learning advantages through instructions or feedback inducing an external focus extend across different types of tasks, skill levels, and age groups. Benefits are seen in movement effectiveness (e.g., accuracy, consistency, balance) as well as efficiency (e.g., muscular activity, force production, cardiovascular responses). Methodological issues that have arisen in the literature are discussed. Finally, our current understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the attentional focus effect is outlined, and directions for future research are suggested.
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Cites
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What do people think they're doing? Action identification and human behavior.
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The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
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The automaticity of complex motor skill learning as a function of attentional focus
Wulf, G., McNevin, N., & Shea, C. H. (2001) · The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A · doi:10.1080/02724980143000118 · Cited by 1,163
Self-citationThe Journal of Psychophysiology: Past and Future
Falkenstein, M. (2008) · Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1027/0269-8803.22.1.1 · Cited by 1,024
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Journal of Human Movement Studies
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Cited by
Wulf, G., & Lewthwaite, R. (2016) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-015-0999-9 · Cited by 1,238
Self-citationHaugen, T., Seiler, S., Sandbakk, Ø., & Tønnessen, E. (2019) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-019-0221-0 · Cited by 422
Bayot, M., Dujardin, K., Tard, C., Defebvre, L., Bonnet, C. T., Allart, E., & Delval, A. (2018) · Neurophysiologie Clinique · doi:10.1016/j.neucli.2018.10.003 · Cited by 287
Additive benefits of external focus and enhanced performance expectancy for motor learning
Pascua, L. A. M., Wulf, G., & Lewthwaite, R. (2015) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2014.922693 · Cited by 117
Self-citationGokeler, A., Benjaminse, A., Hewett, T. E., Paterno, M. V., Ford, K. R., Otten, E., & Myer, G. D. (2013) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-013-0095-0 · Cited by 114
Metadata
- Authors
- Wulf, G.
- Venue
- International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-09
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 77-104
- ISSN
- 1750-984X (ISSN-L)
- 1750-9858
- OpenAlex
- W2044201858
- Cited by
- 1,198
- References
- 106
- FWCI
- 61.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
