Assessing the impact of observations on ocean forecasts and reanalyses: part 1, global studies.
Open accessAbstract
Under GODAE OceanView the operational ocean modelling community has developed a suite of global ocean forecast, reanalysis and analysis systems. Each system has a critical dependence on ocean observations – routinely assimilating observations of in-situ temperature and salinity, and satellite sea-level anomaly and sea surface temperature. This paper demonstrates the value and impact of ocean observations to three global eddy-permitting forecast systems, one global eddy-permitting model-independent analysis system, one eddy-resolving reanalysis system, and two seasonal prediction systems. All systems have been used to assess the impact of Argo profiles, including scenarios with no Argo data, and a degraded Argo array – unanimously concluding that Argo is a critical data set – the most critical for seasonal prediction, and as critical as satellite altimetry for eddy-permitting applications. Most systems show that TAO data are as important as Argo in the tropical Pacific, and that XBT data have an impact that is comparable to other data types in the vicinity of XBT transects. It is clear that no currently available data type is redundant. On the contrary, the components of the global ocean observing system complement each other remarkably well, providing sufficient information to monitor and forecast the global ocean.
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Water mass observations over the full water column have been shown to improve reanalysis fields locally by several units in temperature and salinity.
“From an uncoupled ocean perspective, there is also a strong impact from water mass observations over the full water column, which have been shown to improve reanalysis fields locally by several units in temperature and salinity (Oke et al., 2015;Turpin et al., 2016;Gasparin et al., 2018).”
From The tropical atlantic observing system (2019) · cites this paper as Oke et al., 2015
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The tropical atlantic observing system
Foltz, G. R., Brandt, P., Richter, I., Rodríguez-Fonseca, B., Hernandez, F., Dengler, M., Rodrigues, R. R., Schmidt, J. O., Yu, L., Lefevre, N., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00206 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
- Authors
- Oke, P. R., Larnicol, G., Fujii, Y., Smith, G. C., Lea, D. J., Guinehut, S., Remy, E., Balmaseda, M. A., Rykova, T., Surcel-Colan, D., Martin, M. J., Sellar, A. A., Mulet, S., & Turpin, V.
- Affiliations
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere (AU)
- Collecte Localisation Satellites (France) (FR)
- JMA/MRI, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Environment and Climate Change Canada (CA)
- Met Office (GB)
- Mercator Océan, Ramonville-Saint-Agne, France
- European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (GB)
- Meteorological Research Division, Environment Canada, Quebec, Canada
- Mercator Ocean (France) (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Oke, P.R.
- Venue
- Journal of Operational Oceanography
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-04-17
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- sup1
- Pages
- s49-s62
- ISSN
- 1755-876X (ISSN-L)
- 1755-8778
- OpenAlex
- W1527082133
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7
- FWCI
- 6.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Operational Oceanography (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (15H03727, 24740324)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
- Keywords
- oceanographic observations, ocean forecasting, ocean reanalysis, Argo floats, satellite altimetry, sea surface temperature, seasonal forecasting, eddy-permitting model, expendable bathythermograph, Tao, data assimilation, Global Ocean Observing System, tropical Pacific
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