The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Vacuolar and plasma membrane stripping and autophagic elimination of Toxoplasma gondii in primed effector macrophages
Open accessAbstract
Apicomplexan protozoan pathogens avoid destruction and establish a replicative niche within host cells by forming a nonfusogenic parasitophorous vacuole (PV). Here we present evidence for lysosome-mediated degradation of Toxoplasma gondii after invasion of macrophages activated in vivo. Pathogen elimination was dependent on the interferon γ inducible-p47 GTPase, IGTP, required PI3K activity, and was preceded by PV membrane indentation, vesiculation, disruption, and, surprisingly, stripping of the parasite plasma membrane. Denuded parasites were enveloped in autophagosome-like vacuoles, which ultimately fused with lysosomes. These observations outline a series of mechanisms used by effector cells to redirect the fate of a classically nonfusogenic intracellular pathogen toward a path of immune elimination.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Repertoires of Autophagy in the Pathogenesis of Ocular Diseases
Li, Y.-J., Jiang, Q., Cao, G.-F., Yao, J., & Yan, B. (2015) · Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1159/000373980 · Cited by 16,304
Autophagy in Health and Disease: A Double-Edged Sword
Shintani, T., & Klionsky, D. J. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1099993 · Cited by 2,534
Gutierrez, M. G., Master, S. S., Singh, S. B., Taylor, G. A., Colombo, M. I., & Deretic, V. (2004) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.11.038 · Cited by 2,252
Self-citationThe pathogenic basis of malaria
Miller, L. H., Baruch, D. I., Marsh, K., & Doumbo, O. K. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/415673a · Cited by 1,746
Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Man
Frenkel, J. K., Dubey, J. P., & Beattie, C. P. (1989) · The Journal of Parasitology · doi:10.2307/3283074 · Cited by 1,697
Petiot, A., Ogier-Denis, E., Blommaart, E. F. C., Meijer, A. J., & Codogno, P. (2000) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.275.2.992 · Cited by 1,164
Autophagy Defends Cells Against Invading Group A Streptococcus
Nakagawa, I., Amano, A., Mizushima, N., Yamamoto, A., Yamaguchi, H., Kamimoto, T., Nara, A., Funao, J., Nakata, M., Tsuda, K., et al. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1103966 · Cited by 1,090
Pfefferkorn, E. R. (1984) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.81.3.908 · Cited by 854
Escape of Intracellular Shigella from Autophagy
Ogawa, M., Yoshimori, T., Suzuki, T., Sagara, H., Mizushima, N., & Sasakawa, C. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1106036 · Cited by 828
Studies on the mechanisms of autophagy: formation of the autophagic vacuole.
Dunn, W. A. (1990) · The Journal of cell biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.110.6.1923 · Cited by 787
Cited by
Repertoires of Autophagy in the Pathogenesis of Ocular Diseases
Li, Y.-J., Jiang, Q., Cao, G.-F., Yao, J., & Yan, B. (2015) · Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1159/000373980 · Cited by 16,304
Autophagy and Viruses: Adversaries or Allies?
Dong, X., & Levine, B. (2013) · Journal of Innate Immunity · doi:10.1159/000346388 · Cited by 4,430
Monocyte-Mediated Defense Against Microbial Pathogens
Serbina, N. V., Jia, T., Hohl, T. M., & Pamer, E. G. (2008) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.26.021607.090326 · Cited by 1,123
Unveiling the roles of autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity
Levine, B., & Deretic, V. (2007) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2161 · Cited by 906
Autophagy, Immunity, and Microbial Adaptations
Deretic, V., & Levine, B. (2009) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2009.05.016 · Cited by 865
Metadata
- Authors
- Ling, Y. M., Shaw, M. H., Ayala, C., Coppens, I., Taylor, G. A., Ferguson, D. J. P., & Yap, G. S.
- Venue
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 2006-08-28
- Volume
- 203
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2063-2071
- ISSN
- 0022-1007 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9538
- OpenAlex
- W2108205859
- Cited by
- 349
- References
- 28
- FWCI
- 18.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Vacuolar and plasma membrane stripping and autophagic elimination of Toxoplasma gondii in primed effector macrophages. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1084/jem.20061318
- The paper
- Ling, Y. M., Shaw, M. H., Ayala, C., Coppens, I., Taylor, G. A., Ferguson, D. J. P., & Yap, G. S. (2006). Vacuolar and plasma membrane stripping and autophagic elimination of Toxoplasma gondii in primed effector macrophages. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20061318
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.