The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year.
INTERMITTENT STIMULATION BY LIGHT
Open accessAbstract
1. An optical system is described which furnishes large flickering fields whose brightness, even when reduced with monochromatic filters, is capable of covering the complete range of the relation between critical frequency and intensity. 2. For a centrally located test field of 19° diameter, with light from different parts of the spectrum, the data divide into a low intensity section identified with rod function, and a high intensity section identified with cone function. The transition between the two sections is marked by an inflection point which is sharp, except for 450 and 490 mµ where, though clearly present, it is somewhat rounded. 3. The intensity range covered by the flicker function is smallest in the red, and increases steadily as the wave-length decreases. The increase is due entirely to the extent of the low intensity, rod section which is smallest (non-existent for S. S.) in the red and largest in the violet. The high intensity cone portion for all colors is in the same position on the intensity axis, and the only effect of decreasing wave-length is to shift the rod section to lower intensities without changing its shape. 4. The measurements are faithfully described by two similar equations, one for the rods and one for the cones, both equations being derived from the general stationary state equation already used for various visual functions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Still being checked.
Cited by
THE RELATION BETWEEN VISUAL ACUITY AND ILLUMINATION
Shlaer, S. (1937) · The Journal of General Physiology · doi:10.1085/jgp.21.2.165 · Cited by 334
Self-citationTHE INFLUENCE OF LIGHT ADAPTATION ON SUBSEQUENT DARK ADAPTATION OF THE EYE
Hecht, S., Haig, C., & Chase, A. M. (1937) · Journal of General Physiology · doi:10.1085/jgp.20.6.831 · Cited by 288
Self-citationInto the twilight zone: the complexities of mesopic vision and luminous efficiency
Andrew Stockman, A., & Sharpe, L. T. (2006) · Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics · doi:10.1111/j.1475-1313.2006.00325.x · Cited by 255
Psychophysical studies of monkey vision—I. Macaque luminosity and color vision tests
Valois, R. L. D., Morgan, H. C., Polson, M. C., Mead, W. R., & Hull, E. M. (1974) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/0042-6989(74)90116-3 · Cited by 248
Extended Functionality Attacks on IoT Devices: The Case of Smart Lights
Ronen, E., & Shamir, A. (2016) · European Symposium on Security and Privacy · doi:10.1109/eurosp.2016.13 · Cited by 218
Metadata
- Authors
- Hecht, S., & Shlaer, S.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of General Physiology
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 1936-07-20
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 965-977
- ISSN
- 0022-1295 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-7748
- PMC
- PMC2141480
- OpenAlex
- W2048807342
- Cited by
- 209
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of General Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Development and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Keywords
- flicker frequency, critical flicker frequency, rod photoreceptors, cone photoreceptors, wavelength dependence
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: INTERMITTENT STIMULATION BY LIGHT. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1085/jgp.19.6.965
- The paper
- Hecht, S., & Shlaer, S. (1936). INTERMITTENT STIMULATION BY LIGHT. Journal of General Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.19.6.965
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.