The DOI matches its Crossref record.
An unbound universe
Abstract
A variety of arguments strongly suggest that the density of the universe is no more than a tenth of the value required for closure. Loopholes in this reasoning may exist, but if so, they are primordial and invisible, or perhaps just black.
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Citations
Cited by
Bertone, G., & Hooper, D. (2018) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.90.045002 · Cited by 1,241
Particle emission rates from a black hole: Massless particles from an uncharged, nonrotating hole
Page, D. N. (1976) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.13.198 · Cited by 1,133
Dynamical Role of Light Neutral Leptons in Cosmology
Tremaine, S., & Gunn, J. E. (1979) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.42.407 · Cited by 911
Self-citationCreation of open universes from de Sitter space
Gott, J. R. (1982) · Nature · doi:10.1038/295304a0 · Cited by 357
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Gott, J. R., III, Schramm, D. N., Tinsley, B. M., & Gunn, J. E.
- Venue
- The Astrophysical Journal
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 1974-12
- Volume
- 194
- Pages
- 543
- ISSN
- 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4357
- OpenAlex
- W2072197408
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 25.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: An unbound universe. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/153273
- The paper
- Gott, J. R., III, Schramm, D. N., Tinsley, B. M., & Gunn, J. E. (1974). An unbound universe. The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1086/153273
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
