The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Economic Transformation and Income Inequality in Urban China: Evidence from Panel Data
Abstract
Using panel data of 4,730 urban residents drawn from 20 cities in China, this article examines changes in income determinants between the prereform and reform eras. To guide this empirical study, a conceptual model is developed that emphasizes the coevolution of politics and markets to synthesize theoretical ideas in the recent debate on the transformation of state socialist societies. The findings show significant changes in returns to education and in the rise of private/hybrid firms in the reform era. There is also strong evidence of institutional persistence in returns to positional power and in the organizational hierarchy. These findings reveal multifaceted processes of transformation that call for more sophisticated theoretical models and in-depth institutional analyses.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The three worlds of welfare capitalism
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.28-1046 · Cited by 16,528
Littell, R. C. (1996) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 10,341
Hsiao, C. (2014) · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139839327 · Cited by 7,869
Hsiao, C. (2022) · doi:10.1017/9781009057745 · Cited by 7,869
(2001) · Statistics for Psychologists · doi:10.4324/9781410605542-11 · Cited by 6,877
Schooling, Experience, and Earnings
Mincer, J. (1974) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 6,840
Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness
Granovetter, M. (2002) · Readings in Economic Sociology · doi:10.1002/9780470755679.ch5 · Cited by 5,721
Governing the Market: Economic Theory and the Role of Government in East Asian Industrialization
Wade, R. (1990) · doi:10.1515/9780691187181 · Cited by 4,835
The theory and practice of econometrics
(1986) · Journal of Macroeconomics · doi:10.1016/0164-0704(86)90027-3 · Cited by 4,342
The Rise of the Western World: A New Economic History
North, D. C., & Thomas, R. P. (1973) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511819438 · Cited by 2,953
Cited by
Panel Models in Sociological Research: Theory into Practice
Halaby, C. N. (2004) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.30.012703.110629 · Cited by 946
The Chinese General Social Survey (2003-8): Sample Designs and Data Evaluation
Bian, Y., & Li, L. (2012) · Chinese Sociological Review · doi:10.2753/csa2162-0555450104 · Cited by 275
Chen, F., Yang, Y., & Liu, G. (2010) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/0003122409359165 · Cited by 215
Zhang, Y., & Hannum, E. (2015) · Chinese Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1177/2057150x14568769 · Cited by 56
Wang, H., Yang, X. Y., Yang, T., Cottrell, R. R., Yu, L., Feng, X., & Jiang, S. (2015) · International Journal for Equity in Health · doi:10.1186/s12939-015-0152-4 · Cited by 42
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhou, X.
- Venue
- American Journal of Sociology
- Publisher
- University of Chicago Press
- Published
- 2000-01
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1135-1174
- ISSN
- 0002-9602 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-5390
- OpenAlex
- W2012533085
- Cited by
- 477
- References
- 53
- FWCI
- 71.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Economic Transformation and Income Inequality in Urban China: Evidence from Panel Data. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/210401
- The paper
- Zhou, X. (2000). Economic Transformation and Income Inequality in Urban China: Evidence from Panel Data. American Journal of Sociology. https://doi.org/10.1086/210401
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.