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The Genetics of Speciation at the Diploid Level
Abstract
A hypothesis is advanced that a diploid species has two differing systems of genetic variability. The "open" system consists of polymorphic gene loci which recombine freely without drastic effects on viability. Examples are electrophoretic, polygenic, clinal, and subspecific variability. The "closed" system consists of blocks of genes forming coadapted, internally balanced gene complexes with or without the presence of inversions as a stabilizing mechanism. Perturbation of these blocks (supergenes) by crossing over results in greatly reduced viability under normal natural selection. These blocks vary between but not within species. When natural selection is relaxed, as during a populational flush-crash-founder cycle, the coadaptive balances of the closed system may become disorganized and one or more discordant individuals may survive. Speciation may occur as selection operates on the perturbed genetic system to organize new coadapted closed systems which come to characterize the new species.
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Citations
Cited by
Genetic revolutions, founder effects, and speciation
Barton, N. H., & Charlesworth, B. (1984) · Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.es.15.110184.001025 · Cited by 681
Genetic Revolutions in Relation to Speciation Phenomena: The Founding of New Populations
Carson, H. L., & Templeton, A. R. (1984) · Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.es.15.110184.000525 · Cited by 601
Self-citationMode 3 Technologies and the Evolution of Modern Humans
Foley, R., & Lahr, M. M. (1997) · Cambridge Archaeological Journal · doi:10.1017/s0959774300001451 · Cited by 420
Barton, N. H. (1983) · Evolution · doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1983.tb05563.x · Cited by 365
Bock, D. G., Cai, Z., Elphinstone, C., González-Segovia, E., Hirabayashi, K., Huang, K., Keais, G. L., Kim, A., Owens, G. L., & Rieseberg, L. H. (2023) · Plant Communications · doi:10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100599 · Cited by 84
“…in population size included the catastrophic speciation model (Lewis and Raven, 1958; Lewis, 1962) and the closely related quantum speciation model (Grant, 1981; Gottlieb, 2004) as well as the founder–flush–crash model (Carson, 1968, 1975, 1982) and the transilience model (Templeton, 1980, 1982).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Carson, H. L.
- Venue
- The American Naturalist
- Publisher
- University of Chicago Press
- Published
- 1975-01
- Volume
- 109
- Issue
- 965
- Pages
- 83-92
- ISSN
- 0003-0147 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-5323
- OpenAlex
- W2038017122
- Cited by
- 361
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 6.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
