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An Edge-on Circumstellar Disk in the Young Binary System HK Tauri

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Stapelfeldt, Karl R., Krist, John E., Ménard, François, Bouvier, Jérôme, Padgett, Deborah L., Burrows, Christopher J.·1998·The Astrophysical Journal

DOI 10.1086/311479

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Abstract

Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) images of HK Tauri reveal that the companion star in this 2 4 (340 AU) pre-main-sequence binary system is an entirely nebulous object at visual wavelengths. HK Tau/c appears as two elongated reflection nebulosities separated by a dark lane. Near-infrared adaptive optics observations made at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope show a similar morphology and no directly visible star at λ≤2.2 μm. HK Tau/c is strikingly similar to scattered light models of an optically thick circumstellar disk seen close to edge-on and to the HST images of HH 30. HK Tau/c is therefore the first disk to be clearly resolved around an individual star in a young binary system. The disk properties have been constrained by fitting model reflection nebulae to the HST images. The disk has a radius of 105 AU, an inclination of about 5°, a scale height of 3.8 AU at r =50 AU, and is flared. The absence of a point source in the near-IR requires A V >50 mag toward the unseen central star. The thickness of the dark lane establishes a disk mass near 10 -4 M ☉ (~0.1 M Jupiter ) of dust and gas, if the dust grains have interstellar properties and remain fully mixed vertically. With the observed disk radius equal to one-third of the projected separation of the binary, there is a strong possibility that tidal truncation of the circumsecondary disk has occurred in this system.

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Authors: Stapelfeldt, K. R., Krist, J. E., Ménard, F., Bouvier, J., Padgett, D. L., & Burrows, C. J.
Affiliations: Jet Propulsion Laboratory (US)
Space Telescope Science Institute (US)
Université Joseph Fourier (FR)
California Institute of Technology (US)
ORCID: Stapelfeldt, Karl R.
Ménard, François
Bouvier, Jérôme
Padgett, Deborah L.
Burrows, Christopher J.
Venue: The Astrophysical Journal
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Published: 1998-07-20
Volume: 502
Issue: 1
Pages: L65-L69
ISSN: 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1086/311479
OpenAlex: W2083293100
Semantic Scholar: 7ebc672e50c8565155fe3c3c0ad413d56e1060ce
Cited by: 252
References: 23
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 15.21
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: The Astrophysical Journal (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Astro and Planetary Science
Keywords: circumstellar disks, edge-on disk, young binary stars, pre-main-sequence stars, reflection nebulae, scattered light, disk inclination, disk mass, tidal truncation, dark lanes, HH 30, disk flaring

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An Edge-on Circumstellar Disk in the Young Binary System HK Tauri

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