The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Vaginal Lactobacilli, Microbial Flora, and Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Sexually Transmitted Disease Acquisition
Abstract
A prospective cohort study was conducted to examine the relationship between vaginal colonization with lactobacilli, bacterial vaginosis (BV), and acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and sexually transmitted diseases in a population of sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya. In total, 657 HIV-1-seronegative women were enrolled and followed at monthly intervals. At baseline, only 26% of women were colonized with Lactobacillus species. During follow-up, absence of vaginal lactobacilli on culture was associated with an increased risk of acquiring HIV-1 infection (hazard ratio [HR], 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-3.5) and gonorrhea (HR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1-2.6), after controlling for other identified risk factors in separate multivariate models. Presence of abnormal vaginal flora on Gram's stain was associated with increased risk of both HIV-1 acquisition (HR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.1) and Trichomonas infection (HR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.3-2.4). Treatment of BV and promotion of vaginal colonization with lactobacilli should be evaluated as potential interventions to reduce a woman's risk of acquiring HIV-1, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis.
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Cites
Cox’s regression model for counting processes: A large sample study
Andersen, P. K., & Gill, R. D. (1982) · The Annals of Statistics · doi:10.1214/aos/1176345976 · Cited by 4,419
Cited by
Vaginal microbiome of reproductive-age women
Ravel, J., Gajer, P., Abdo, Z., Schneider, G. M., Koenig, S. S. K., McCulle, S. L., Karlebach, S., Gorle, R., Russell, J., Tacket, C. O., et al. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1002611107 · Cited by 4,254
Molecular Identification of Bacteria Associated with Bacterial Vaginosis
Fredricks, D. N., Fiedler, T. L., & Marrazzo, J. M. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa043802 · Cited by 1,303
Romero, R., Hassan, S. S., Gajer, P., Tarca, A. L., Fadrosh, D. W., Nikita, L., Galuppi, M., Lamont, R. F., Chaemsaithong, P., Miranda, J., et al. (2014) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/2049-2618-2-4 · Cited by 852
Koumans, E. H., Sternberg, M., Bruce, C., McQuillan, G., Kendrick, J., Sutton, M., & Markowitz, L. E. (2007) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/olq.0b013e318074e565 · Cited by 761
Bacterial vaginosis and HIV acquisition: A meta-analysis of published studies
Atashili, J., Poole, C., Ndumbe, P. M., Adimora, A. A., & Smith, J. S. (2008) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0b013e3283021a37 · Cited by 706
“For HIV incidence studies, the RR varied little, ranging from 1.58 [after excluding the study by Taha et al. (1998) [21]] to 1.93 [after excluding the study by Martin et al. (1999) [25]].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Martin, H. L., Richardson, B. A., Nyange, P. M., Lavreys, L., Hillier, S. L., Chohan, B., Mandaliya, K., Ndinya‐Achola, J. O., Bwayo, J., & Kreiss, J.
- Venue
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1999-12
- Volume
- 180
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1863-1868
- ISSN
- 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6613
- OpenAlex
- W2112589439
- Cited by
- 891
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 16.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Vaginal Lactobacilli, Microbial Flora, and Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Sexually Transmitted Disease Acquisition. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/315127
- The paper
- Martin, H. L., Richardson, B. A., Nyange, P. M., Lavreys, L., Hillier, S. L., Chohan, B., Mandaliya, K., Ndinya‐Achola, J. O., Bwayo, J., & Kreiss, J. (1999). Vaginal Lactobacilli, Microbial Flora, and Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Sexually Transmitted Disease Acquisition. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1086/315127
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
