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A Populationwide Coalescent Analysis of Icelandic Matrilineal and Patrilineal Genealogies: Evidence for a Faster Evolutionary Rate of mtDNA Lineages than Y Chromosomes

Helgason, Agnar, Hrafnkelsson, Birgir, Gulcher, Jeffrey R., Ward, Ryk, Stefánsson, Kári·2003·The American Journal of Human Genetics
DOI 10.1086/375453
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Abstract

Historical inferences from genetic data increasingly depend on assumptions about the genealogical process that shapes the frequencies of alleles over time. Yet little is known about the structure of human genealogies over long periods of time and how they depart from expectations of standard demographic models, such as that attributed to Wright and Fisher. To obtain such information and to examine the recent evolutionary history of mtDNA and Y-chromosome haplotypes in the Icelandic gene pool, we traced the matrilineal and patrilineal ancestry of all 131,060 Icelanders born after 1972 back to two cohorts of ancestors, one born between 1848 and 1892 and the other between 1798 and 1742. This populationwide coalescent analysis of Icelandic genealogies revealed highly positively skewed distributions of descendants to ancestors, with the vast majority of potential ancestors contributing one or no descendants and a minority of ancestors contributing large numbers of descendants. The expansion and loss of matrilines and patrilines has caused considerable fluctuation in the frequencies of mtDNA and Y-chromosome haplotypes, despite a rapid population expansion in Iceland during the past 300 years. Contrary to a widespread assumption, the rate of evolution caused by this lineage-sorting process was markedly faster in matrilines (mtDNA) than in patrilines (Y chromosomes). The primary cause is a 10% shorter matrilineal generation interval. Variance in the number of offspring produced with…

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  • The founding date of Tahiti's bottleneck is 952 years from the sampling date, or 1069 AD.

    “Using the standard 28 years per generation (an average across paternal and maternal age for each child born over a lifetime), yields a founding date of 952 years from the sampling date, or 1069 AD (20, 21, 22).”

    From Message in a bottleneck: Nested founder effects from French Polynesia to Rapa Nui and Hawaiʻi (2026) · cites this paper as [22]

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Metadata

Authors
Helgason, A., Hrafnkelsson, B., Gulcher, J. R., Ward, R., & Stefánsson, K.
Venue
The American Journal of Human Genetics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2003-06
Volume
72
Issue
6
Pages
1370-1388
ISSN
0002-9297
DOI
10.1086/375453
Cited by
116
References
0
Language
en
Licence

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