The Recent Star Formation History of the M31 Disk

Abstract

The star formation history of the northern and southern M31 disk is measured using samples of BV photometry for 4' × 4' regions taken from the KPNO/CTIO Local Group Survey. The distances, mean reddening values, and age distributions of the stars in these regions were measured using the routines of Dolphin. Independent measurements of overlapping fields show that the results are stable for most samples. A slight distance gradient is seen across the major axis of the southern disk, and a mean distance of 24.47 ± 0.03 is found by combining the results. Higher mean reddening values are seen to follow the spiral structure. The stellar age distributions are consistent with episodic star formation confined mainly to the gas-rich arm regions. If these episodes were caused by propagating density waves, the waves did not cause significant star formation episodes in the gas-poor interarm regions. A combination of all of the results provides the total star formation rate for 1.4 deg 2 of the M31 disk for six epochs. These results suggest that star formation in the disk declined by ∼50% from ∼250 to ∼50 Myr ago. The lowest star formation rate occurred ∼25 Myr ago, followed by a ∼20% increase to the present. The mean star formation rate for this large portion of M31 over the past 60 Myr is 0.63 ± 0.07 M ⊙ yr -1 , suggesting a total mean rate for the disk of ∼1 M ⊙ yr -1 .