Rates of Inorganic Calcium Carbonate Nucleation
Abstract
The induction period for the inorganic precipitation of calcium carbonate was examined over a wide range of supersaturations. Results suggest that inorganic precipitation in average sea water would require about $$10^{5}$$ years. If most of the bicarbonate were converted to carbonate, precipitation could occur in 500 hours. The power dependence of the rate of nucleation on the carbonate concentration is second order in the absence of magnesium and sixth order in its presence; this indicates that magnesium inhibits the precipitation of calcium carbonate.
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If dissolution is sufficiently rapid but transport of resulting alkalinity away from the grain surface is limited, supersaturation with respect to carbonate minerals may occur, leading to mineral precipitation (aragonite in seawater and calcite in freshwater).
“If dissolution is sufficiently rapid but transport of resulting alkalinity away from the grain surface is limited, supersaturation with respect to carbonate minerals may occur, leading to mineral precipitation (aragonite in seawater and calcite in freshwater). 12-15”
From A framework for understanding efficiency losses of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (2026) · cites this paper as [13]
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- Authors
- Pytkowicz, R. M.
- Corresponding author
- Pytkowicz, Ricardo M.
- Venue
- The Journal of Geology
- Publisher
- University of Chicago Press
- Published
- 1965-01
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 196-199
- ISSN
- 0022-1376 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-5269
- OpenAlex
- W2074767004
- Cited by
- 140
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Geology (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Office of Naval Research
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Crystallization and Solubility Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Keywords
- calcium carbonate precipitation, nucleation rate, induction period, supersaturation, seawater, bicarbonate, carbonate content, magnesium inhibition, precipitation kinetics
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