Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 101

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 65 of the 65 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Spatial Segmentation and the Black Middle Class

Sharkey, Patrick·2014·American Journal of Sociology

Abstract

Ethnographic studies of the black middle class focus attention on the ways in which residential environments condition the experiences of different segments of the black class structure. This study places these arguments in a larger demographic context by providing a national analysis of neighborhood inequality and spatial inequality of different racial and ethnic groups in urban America. The findings show that there has been no change over time in the degree to which majority-black neighborhoods are surrounded by spatial disadvantage. Predominantly black neighborhoods, regardless of socioeconomic composition, continue to be spatially linked with areas of severe disadvantage. However, there has been substantial change in the degree to which middle- and upper-income African-American households have separated themselves from highly disadvantaged neighborhoods. These changes are driven primarily by the growing segment of middle- and upper-income African-Americans living in neighborhoods in which they are not the majority group, both in central cities and in suburbs.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1086/674561

Cites

65 of 65 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 65 references

Research works printed but not linked: 12

  1. Burdick-Will Julia, Pp. 255–76 in Whither Opportunity? Rising Inequality, Schools, and Children’s Life Chances, edited by Greg Duncan and Richard Murnane.
  2. Drake St., 1945, Cayton
  3. Haynes Bruce D, Red Lines
  4. Isaacs Julia B, Pp. 81–90 in Getting Ahead or Losing Ground: Economic Mobility in America
  5. Jargowsky Paul, 1990, Stunning Progress
  6. Logan John, 2010, US2010 Project Report
  7. Massey Douglas S, 2003, Fischer
  8. O’Hare William P, 1992, American Demographics, 14, 30
  9. Owens Michael, 1998, Wright
  10. Peterson Ruth D, 2010, Krivo
  11. Sampson Robert J, Pp. 37–54 in Crime and Inequality
  12. Sastry Narayan, Working paper 033-04

Cited by

See all 101

Metadata

Authors
Sharkey, P.
Venue
American Journal of Sociology
Published
2014-01
Volume
119
Issue
4
Pages
903-954
ISSN
  • 0002-9602
  • 1537-5390
Cited by
101
References
65
Language
en

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Spatial Segmentation and the Black Middle Class. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/674561
The paper
Sharkey, P. (2014). Spatial Segmentation and the Black Middle Class. American Journal of Sociology. https://doi.org/10.1086/674561

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.