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THE FLAT TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM OF THE SUPER-EARTH GJ1214b FROM WIDE FIELD CAMERA 3 ON THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE
Open accessAbstract
Capitalizing on the observational advantage offered by its tiny M dwarf host, we present Hubble Space Telescope /Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) grism measurements of the transmission spectrum of the super-Earth exoplanet GJ1214b. These are the first published WFC3 observations of a transiting exoplanet atmosphere. After correcting for a ramp-like instrumental systematic, we achieve nearly photon-limited precision in these observations, finding the transmission spectrum of GJ1214b to be flat between 1.1 and 1.7 μm. Inconsistent with a cloud-free solar composition atmosphere at 8.2σ, the measured achromatic transit depth most likely implies a large mean molecular weight for GJ1214b's outer envelope. A dense atmosphere rules out bulk compositions for GJ1214b that explain its large radius by the presence of a very low density gas layer surrounding the planet. High-altitude clouds can alternatively explain the flat transmission spectrum, but they would need to be optically thick up to 10 mbar or consist of particles with a range of sizes approaching 1 μm in diameter.
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A super-Earth transiting a nearby low-mass star
Charbonneau, D., Berta, Z. K., Irwin, J., Burke, C. J., Nutzman, P., Buchhave, L. A., Lovis, C., Bonfils, X., Latham, D. W., Udry, S., et al. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08679 · Cited by 797
Self-citationGregory, P. (2005) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511791277 · Cited by 750
Cited by
Clouds in the atmosphere of the super-Earth exoplanet GJ 1214b
Kreidberg, L., Bean, J. L., Désert, J.-M., Benneke, B., Deming, D., Stevenson, K. B., Seager, S., Berta-Thompson, Z., Seifahrt, A., & Homeier, D. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12888 · Cited by 939
Self-citationEfficient, uninformative sampling of limb darkening coefficients for two-parameter laws
Kipping, D. M. (2013) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1435 · Cited by 895
A chemical survey of exoplanets with ARIEL
Tinetti, G., Drossart, P., Eccleston, P., Hartogh, P., Heske, A., Leconte, J., Micela, G., Ollivier, M., Pilbratt, G., Puig, L., et al. (2018) · Experimental Astronomy · doi:10.1007/s10686-018-9598-x · Cited by 445
A PRECISE WATER ABUNDANCE MEASUREMENT FOR THE HOT JUPITER WASP-43b
Kreidberg, L., Bean, J. L., Désert, J.-M., Line, M. R., Fortney, J. J., Madhusudhan, N., Stevenson, K. B., Showman, A. P., Charbonneau, D., McCullough, P. R., et al. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/2041-8205/793/2/l27 · Cited by 401
Self-citationThe habitability of planets orbiting M-dwarf stars
Shields, A. L., Ballard, S., & Johnson, J. A. (2016) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2016.10.003 · Cited by 319
Metadata
- Authors
- Berta, Z. K., Charbonneau, D., Désert, J.-M., Miller-Ricci Kempton, E., McCullough, P. R., Burke, C. J., Fortney, J. J., Irwin, J., Nutzman, P., & Homeier, D.
- Venue
- The Astrophysical Journal
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2012-02-13
- Volume
- 747
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 35
- ISSN
- 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4357
- OpenAlex
- W2110388077
- Cited by
- 359
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 24.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Berta, Z. K., Charbonneau, D., Désert, J.-M., Miller-Ricci Kempton, E., McCullough, P. R., Burke, C. J., Fortney, J. J., Irwin, J., Nutzman, P., & Homeier, D. (2012). THE FLAT TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM OF THE SUPER-EARTH GJ1214b FROM WIDE FIELD CAMERA 3 ON THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE. The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/747/1/35
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