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HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE REVEALS MULTIPLE SUB-GIANT BRANCH IN EIGHT GLOBULAR CLUSTERS
Open accessAbstract
In the last few years many globular clusters (GCs) have revealed complex color–magnitude diagrams, with the presence of multiple main sequences (MSs), broad or multiple sub-giant branches (SGBs) and MS turnoffs, and broad or split red giant branches (RGBs). After a careful correction for differential reddening, high-accuracy photometry with the Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) presented in this paper reveals a broadened or even split SGB in five additional Milky Way GCs: NGC 362, NGC 5286, NGC 6656, NGC 6715, and NGC 7089. In addition, we confirm (with new and archival HST data) the presence of a split SGB in 47 Tuc, NGC 1851, and NGC 6388. The fraction of faint SGB stars with respect to the entire SGB population varies from one cluster to another and ranges from ∼0.03 for NGC 362 to ∼0.50 for NGC 6715. The average magnitude difference between the bright SGB and the faint SGB is almost the same at different wavelengths. This peculiarity is consistent with the presence of two groups of stars with either an age difference of about 1–2 Gyr or a significant difference in their overall C+N+O content.
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“Increases in He and changes to the composition of the light elements C, N, and O are the most likely cause of the multiple main sequence, sub-giant, and giant branches observed in all clusters that have Hubble Space Telescope photometry (e.g., for 47 Tucanae, NGC 6397, NGC 2808, M22; Milone et al. 2012a, 2012b, 2012c; Piotto et al. 2012).”
From The Dawes Review 2: Nucleosynthesis and Stellar Yields of Low- and Intermediate-Mass Single Stars (2014) · cites this paper as Piotto et al. 2012
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Sorted by citations
The Dawes Review 2: Nucleosynthesis and Stellar Yields of Low- and Intermediate-Mass Single Stars
Karakas, A. I., & Lattanzio, J. C. (2014) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia · doi:10.1017/pasa.2014.21 · Cited by 735
“…subgiant, and giant branches observed in all clusters that have Hubble Space Telescope photometry (e.g., for 47 Tucanae, NGC 6397, NGC 2808, M22; Milone et al. 2012a,c,b; Piotto et al. 2012) Figure 6 illustrates the effect of the SDU on the abundance of intermediate-mass stars of solar metallicity.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Piotto, G., Milone, A. P., Anderson, J., Bedin, L. R., Bellini, A., Cassisi, S., Marino, A. F., Aparicio, A., & Nascimbeni, V.
- Affiliations
- University of Padua (IT)
- Universidad de La Laguna (ES)
- Space Telescope Science Institute (US)
- Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (IT)
- Collurania Teramo Observatory (IT)
- Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics (DE)
- Venue
- The Astrophysical Journal
- Publisher
- American Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2012-11-01
- Volume
- 760
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 39
- ISSN
- 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4357
- OpenAlex
- W2015899706
- Cited by
- 152
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 14.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Astrophysical Journal (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Instrumentation › Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Keywords
- globular clusters, color-magnitude diagram, red giant branch, differential reddening, NGC 362, NGC 6656, NGC 1851, NGC 6388, 47 Tuc, stellar ages, chemical abundances, Milky Way globular clusters
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