Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 356

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 88 of the 88 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

RAPIDLY EVOLVING AND LUMINOUS TRANSIENTS FROM PAN-STARRS1

Open access
Drout, M. R., Chornock, R., Soderberg, A. M., Sanders, N. E., McKinnon, R., Rest, A., Foley, R. J., Milisavljevic, D., Margutti, R., Berger, E., Calkins, M., Fong, W., Gezari, S., Huber, M. E., Kankare, E., Kirshner, R. P., Leibler, C., Lunnan, R., Mattila, S., Marion, G. H., Narayan, G., Riess, A. G., Roth, K. C., Scolnic, D., Smartt, S. J., Tonry, J. L., Burgett, W. S., Chambers, K. C., Hodapp, K. W., Jedicke, R., Kaiser, N., Magnier, E. A., Metcalfe, N., Morgan, J. S., Price, P. A., Waters, C.·2014·The Astrophysical Journal
DOI 10.1088/0004-637x/794/1/23
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

In the past decade, several rapidly evolving transients have been discovered whose timescales and luminosities are not easily explained by traditional supernovae (SNe) models. The sample size of these objects has remained small due, at least in part, to the challenges of detecting short timescale transients with traditional survey cadences. Here we present the results from a search within the Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey (PS1-MDS) for rapidly evolving and luminous transients. We identify 10 new transients with a time above half-maximum ( t 1/2 ) of less than 12 days and −16.5 > M > −20 mag. This increases the number of known events in this region of SN phase space by roughly a factor of three. The median redshift of the PS1-MDS sample is z = 0.275 and they all exploded in star-forming galaxies. In general, the transients possess faster rise than decline timescale and blue colors at maximum light ( g P1 − r P1 ≲ −0.2). Best-fit blackbodies reveal photospheric temperatures/radii that expand/cool with time and explosion spectra taken near maximum light are dominated by a blue continuum, consistent with a hot, optically thick, ejecta. We find it difficult to reconcile the short timescale, high peak luminosity ( L > 10 43 erg s −1 ), and lack of UV line blanketing observed in many of these transients with an explosion powered mainly by the radioactive decay of 56 Ni. Rather, we find that many are consistent with either (1) cooling envelope emission from the explosion of a star with a low-mass extended envelope that ejected very little (<0.03 M ☉ ) radioactive material, or (2) a shock breakout within a dense, optically thick, wind surrounding the progenitor star. After calculating the detection efficiency for objects with rapid timescales in the PS1-MDS we find a volumetric rate of 4800–8000 events yr −1 Gpc −3 (4%–7% of the core-collapse SN rate at z = 0.2).

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1088/0004-637x/794/1/23

Cites

88 of 88 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 88 references

Cited by

See all 356

Metadata

Authors
Drout, M. R., Chornock, R., Soderberg, A. M., Sanders, N. E., McKinnon, R., Rest, A., Foley, R. J., Milisavljevic, D., Margutti, R., Berger, E., Calkins, M., Fong, W., Gezari, S., Huber, M. E., Kankare, E., Kirshner, R. P., Leibler, C., Lunnan, R., Mattila, S., Marion, G. H., Narayan, G., Riess, A. G., Roth, K. C., Scolnic, D., Smartt, S. J., Tonry, J. L., Burgett, W. S., Chambers, K. C., Hodapp, K. W., Jedicke, R., Kaiser, N., Magnier, E. A., Metcalfe, N., Morgan, J. S., Price, P. A., & Waters, C.
Venue
The Astrophysical Journal
Publisher
American Astronomical Society
Published
2014-09-19
Volume
794
Issue
1
Pages
23
ISSN
  • 0004-637X (ISSN-L)
  • 1538-4357
DOI
10.1088/0004-637x/794/1/23
OpenAlex
W2053831110
Cited by
356
References
88
FWCI
10.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: RAPIDLY EVOLVING AND LUMINOUS TRANSIENTS FROM PAN-STARRS1. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1088/0004-637x/794/1/23
The paper
Drout, M. R., Chornock, R., Soderberg, A. M., Sanders, N. E., McKinnon, R., Rest, A., Foley, R. J., Milisavljevic, D., Margutti, R., Berger, E., Calkins, M., Fong, W., Gezari, S., Huber, M. E., Kankare, E., Kirshner, R. P., Leibler, C., Lunnan, R., Mattila, S., . . . Waters, C. (2014). RAPIDLY EVOLVING AND LUMINOUS TRANSIENTS FROM PAN-STARRS1. The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/794/1/23

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.