The DOI matches its Crossref record; 154 of the 155 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cooling methods in ion traps
Open accessAbstract
In many experiments utilizing ion traps, the ions must be cooled in order to increase the precision and accuracy of the measurements. Laser cooling is very effective when it can be applied, but it can only be used with a few kinds of ions, since it depends critically on the details of the electronic level structure. Other methods, such as resistive cooling, active-feedback cooling, collisional cooling, radiofrequency side-band cooling, or sympathetic laser cooling, can be applied to many kinds of ions. Progress in cooling of trapped ions has made possible improved measurements of mass ratios and atomic spectra and the observation of new phenomena, such as the formation of ordered Coulomb "crystals" of ions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“However, applying sideband cooling [2, 28, 29], the magnetron energy takes the value E m =-Ez (ν m /ν z ) , which is in the range of a few mK (if Ez ∼ 4 . 2 K).”
From Theory of the coplanar-waveguide Penning trap (2011) · cites this paper as [28]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In Penning trap experiments such as in Refs.33-35, typical values of the used RF resonators 36 are Q 10 4 .Thus, in those cases, once delivered to the resonator, the particle's energy is irreversibly dissipated almost instantly 37 and s ¼ 1=X is denoted as the “resistive cooling time constant.””
From Coherent coupling of a trapped electron to a distant superconducting microwave cavity (2020) · cites this paper as [37]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(2020) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctv131bv37.5 · Cited by 22,595
Mathematical Analysis of Random Noise
Rice, S. O. (1944) · Bell System Technical Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1944.tb00874.x · Cited by 5,530
Principles of Magnetic Resonance
Slichter, C. P. (1990) · Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-09441-9 · Cited by 5,520
Mathematical Analysis of Random Noise
Rice, S. O. (1945) · Bell System Technical Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1945.tb00453.x · Cited by 2,954
Theory and Application of Mathieu Functions
McLachlan, N. W. (1964) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 2,352
The Effect of Collisions upon the Doppler Width of Spectral Lines
Dicke, R. H. (1953) · Physical Review · doi:10.1103/physrev.89.472 · Cited by 1,491
Geonium theory: Physics of a single electron or ion in a Penning trap
Brown, L. S., & Gabrielse, G. (1986) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.58.233 · Cited by 1,367
Currents to Conductors Induced by a Moving Point Charge
Shockley, W. (1938) · Journal of Applied Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1710367 · Cited by 1,300
Cooling of gases by laser radiation
Hänsch, T. W., & SCHAWLOW, A. L. (1975) · Optics Communications · doi:10.1016/0030-4018(75)90159-5 · Cited by 1,075
Shelved optical electron amplifier: Observation of quantum jumps
Nagourney, W., Sandberg, J., & Dehmelt, H. (1986) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.56.2797 · Cited by 937
Research works printed but not linked: 12
- Appasamy B, Appl. Phys.
- White W D, 1982, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 27, 1031
- 10.1016/0020-7381(76)80009-5 · DOI
- Wineland D J, 1975, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 20, 637
- Vyatchanin S P, 1977, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 234, 1295
- Vyatchanin S P, 1977, Sov. Phys. Dokl., 22, 321
- Chu S, 1989, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 6
- Dehmelt H, 1985, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 30, 111
- Letokhov V S, 1977, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., 72, 1328
- Letokhov V S, 1977, Sov. Phys. JETP, 45, 698
- Bollinger J J, 1992, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 37, 1117
- Bollinger J J, 1988, Intense Positron Beams, 63
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Recent trends in the determination of nuclear masses
Lunney, D., Pearson, J. M., & Thibault, C. (2003) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.75.1021 · Cited by 759
Minimization of ion micromotion in a Paul trap
Berkeland, D. J., Miller, J. D., Bergquist, J. C., Itano, W. M., & Wineland, D. J. (1998) · Journal of Applied Physics · doi:10.1063/1.367318 · Cited by 720
Self-citationLaser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms
Adams, C. S., & Riis, E. (1997) · Progress in Quantum Electronics · doi:10.1016/s0079-6727(96)00006-7 · Cited by 557
Ion-trap measurements of electric-field noise near surfaces
Brownnutt, M., Kumph, M., Rabl, P., & Blatt, R. (2015) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.87.1419 · Cited by 413
Nanostructure Science and Technology
Siegel, R. W., Hu, E. L., Cox, D. M., Goronkin, H., Jelinski, L. W., Koch, C. C., Mendel, J., Roco, M. C., & Shaw, D. T.-K. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-015-9185-0 · Cited by 385
Metadata
- Authors
- Itano, W. M., Bergquist, J. C., Bollinger, J. J., & Wineland, D. J.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (US)
- Venue
- Physica Scripta
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 1995-01-01
- Volume
- T59
- Pages
- 106-120
- ISSN
- 0031-8949 (ISSN-L)
- 1402-4896
- OpenAlex
- W2045104865
- Cited by
- 118
- References
- 155
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 1.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Physica Scripta (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Advanced Frequency and Time Standards
- Keywords
- laser cooling, collisional cooling, Coulomb crystals, atomic spectra
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
