The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 16 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Bootstrap resampling: a powerful method of assessing confidence intervals for doses from experimental data
Open accessAbstract
Bootstrap resampling provides a versatile and reliable statistical method for estimating the accuracy of quantities which are calculated from experimental data. It is an empirically based method, in which large numbers of simulated datasets are generated by computer from existing measurements, so that approximate confidence intervals of the derived quantities may be obtained by direct numerical evaluation. A simple introduction to the method is given via a detailed example of estimating 95% confidence intervals for cumulated activity in the thyroid following injection of 99mTc-sodium pertechnetate using activity-time data from 23 subjects. The application of the approach to estimating confidence limits for the self-dose to the kidney following injection of 99mTc-DTPA organ imaging agent based on uptake data from 19 subjects is also illustrated. Results are then given for estimates of doses to the foetus following administration of 99mTc-sodium pertechnetate for clinical reasons during pregnancy, averaged over 25 subjects. The bootstrap method is well suited for applications in radiation dosimetry including uncertainty, reliability and sensitivity analysis of dose coefficients in biokinetic models, but it can also be applied in a wide range of other biomedical situations.
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“Bootstrap resampling provides robust estimates of the sampling distribution and mitigates problems associated with limited sample size, resulting in more accurate confidence intervals and significance tests (Hesterberg, 2014; Iwi et al., 1999).”
From Speaking face-to-face with a virtual avatar to reduce anxiety in students who stutter: Tool development and pilot study results. (2026) · cites this paper as Iwi et al., 1999
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Efron, B., & Tibshirani, R. (1986) · Statistical Science · doi:10.1214/ss/1177013815 · Cited by 6,033
MIRDOSE: Personal Computer Software for Internal Dose Assessment in Nuclear Medicine
Piwnica-Worms, D. (1996) · Cited by 500
Radiation Absorbed Dose to the Embryo/Fetus from Radiopharmaceuticals
Russell, J. R., Stabin, M. G., Sparks, R. B., & Watson, E. E. (1997) · Health Physics · doi:10.1097/00004032-199711000-00003 · Cited by 146
Birchall, A., & James, A. (1994) · Radiation Protection Dosimetry · doi:10.1093/rpd/53.1-4.133 · Cited by 105
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Reliability of the ICRP's Systemic Biokinetic Models
Leggett, R. W., Bouville, A. C., & Eckerman, K. F. (1998) · Radiation Protection Dosimetry · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a032422 · Cited by 40
Birchall, A., & James, A. (1994) · Radiation Protection Dosimetry · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082264 · Cited by 39
Computational methods in radionuclide dosimetry
Bardiès, M., & Myers, M. J. (1996) · Physics in Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1088/0031-9155/41/10/007 · Cited by 18
Uncertainties in Biokinetic Parameters and Dose Coefficients Determined by Expert Judgement
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Research works printed but not linked: 3
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- Press W H, 1992
- Stabin M G, 1996, J. Nucl. Med., 37, 538
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Computer-Assisted Interpretation of Planar Whole-Body Bone Scans
Sadik, M., Hamadeh, I., Nordblom, P., Suurküla, M., Höglund, P., Ohlsson, M., & Edenbrandt, L. (2008) · Journal of Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.2967/jnumed.108.055061 · Cited by 118
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Yun, J. S., Lee, M. H., Lee, S. M., Lee, J. S., Kim, H. J., Lee, S. J., Chung, H. W., Lee, S. H., & Shin, M. J. (2020) · European Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00330-020-07234-5 · Cited by 56
Metadata
- Authors
- Iwi, G., Millard, R. K., Palmer, A. M., Preece, A. W., & Saunders, M.
- Venue
- Physics in Medicine and Biology
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 1999-01-01
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- N55-N62
- ISSN
- 0031-9155 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-6560
- OpenAlex
- W2002792016
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 1.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Physics in Medicine and Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Bristol
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- bootstrapping, confidence intervals, radiation dosimetry, 99mTc-DTPA, pregnancy, biokinetic models, dose coefficients, uncertainty analysis, sensitivity analysis
- MeSH terms
- Female, Humans, Male, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Monte Carlo Method, Pregnancy, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted, Thyroid Gland, Time Factors, Tissue Distribution, Confidence Intervals
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- Iwi, G., Millard, R. K., Palmer, A. M., Preece, A. W., & Saunders, M. (1999). Bootstrap resampling: a powerful method of assessing confidence intervals for doses from experimental data. Physics in Medicine and Biology. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/44/4/021
