Bootstrap Methods for Standard Errors, Confidence Intervals, and Other Measures of Statistical Accuracy
Open accessAbstract
This is a review of bootstrap methods, concentrating on basic ideas and applications rather than theoretical considerations. It begins with an exposition of the bootstrap estimate of standard error for one-sample situations. Several examples, some involving quite complicated statistical procedures, are given. The bootstrap is then extended to other measures of statistical accuracy such as bias and prediction error, and to complicated data structures such as time series, censored data, and regression models. Several more examples are presented illustrating these ideas. The last third of the paper deals mainly with bootstrap confidence intervals.
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Haukoos, J. S., & Lewis, R. J. (2005) · Academic Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1197/j.aem.2004.11.018 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Machine learning for perovskite materials design and discovery
Tao, Q., Xu, P., Li, M., & Lu, W. (2021) · npj Computational Materials · doi:10.1038/s41524-021-00495-8 · Cited by 542 · see citing works
Amato, F., Pandolfi, M., Escrig, A., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Pey, J., Perez, N., & Hopke, P. K. (2009) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.02.039 · Cited by 584 · see citing works
Differential Galaxy Evolution in Cluster and Field Galaxies at z=0.3Preprint
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Experimental Evidence That Competition Promotes Divergence in Adaptive Radiation
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Editor's comments: a critical look at the use of PLS-SEM in MIS quarterly
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Reproductive Management of Lactating Dairy Cows Using Synchronization of Ovulation
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Age-related Changes in Brain Activity across the Adult Lifespan
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- Authors
- Efron, B., & Tibshirani, R.
- ORCID
- Tibshirani, R.
- Venue
- Statistical Science
- Publisher
- Institute of Mathematical Statistics
- Published
- 1986-02-01
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 54-75
- ISSN
- 0883-4237 (ISSN-L)
- 2168-8745
- OpenAlex
- W2112688502
- Cited by
- 6,033
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 83 · 2025: 148 · 2024: 208 · 2023: 220 · 2022: 254 · 2021: 330 · 2020: 306 · 2019: 331 · 2018: 289 · 2017: 244 · 2016: 253 · 2015: 234 · 2014: 245 · 2013: 232 · 2012: 228
- FWCI
- 41.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Statistical Science (publishedVersion)
- Project Euclid (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Inference
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Probability and Statistical Research
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Keywords
- bootstrapping, standard error estimation, confidence intervals, bias estimation, prediction error, time series, censored data, regression models, statistical accuracy
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