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The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Aasi, J, Abbott, B P, Abbott, R, Abbott, T, Abernathy, M R, Ackley, K, Adams, C, Adams, T, Addesso, P, Adhikari, R X, Adya, V, Affeldt, C, Aggarwal, N, Aguiar, O D, Ain, A, Ajith, P, Alemic, A, Allen, B, Amariutei, D, Anderson, S B, Anderson, W G, Arai, K, Araya, M C, Arceneaux, C, Areeda, J S, Ashton, G, Ast, S, Aston, S M, Aufmuth, P, Aulbert, C, Aylott, B E, Babak, S, Baker, P T, Ballmer, S W, Barayoga, J C, Barbet, M, Barclay, S, Barish, B C, Barker, D, Barr, B, Barsotti, L, Bartlett, J, Barton, M A, Bartos, I, Bassiri, R, Batch, J C, Baune, C, Behnke, B, Bell, A S, Bell, C, Benacquista, M, Bergman, J, Bergmann, G, Berry, C P L, Betzwieser, J, Bhagwat, S, Bhandare, R, Bilenko, I A, Billingsley, G, Birch, J, Biscans, S, Biwer, C, Blackburn, J K, Blackburn, L, Blair, C D, Blair, D, Bock, O, Bodiya, T P, Bojtos, P, Bond, C, Bork, R, Born, M, Bose, Sukanta, Brady, P R, Braginsky, V B, Brau, J E, Bridges, D O, Brinkmann, M, Brooks, A F, Brown, D A, Brown, D D, Brown, N M, Buchman, S, Buikema, A, Buonanno, A, Cadonati, L, Calderón Bustillo, J, Camp, J B, Cannon, K C, Cao, J, Capano, C D, Caride, S, Caudill, S, Cavaglià, M, Cepeda, C, Chakraborty, R, Chalermsongsak, T, Chamberlin, S J, Chao, S, Charlton, P, Chen, Y, Cho, H S, Cho, M, Chow, J H, Christensen, N, Chu, Q, Chung, S, Ciani, G, Clara, F, Clark, J A, Collette, C, Cominsky, L, Constancio, M, Cook, D, Corbitt, T R, Cornish, N, Corsi, A, Costa, C A, Coughlin, M W, Countryman, S, Couvares, P, Coward, D M, Cowart, M J, Coyne, D C, Coyne, R, Craig, K, Creighton, J D E, Creighton, T D, Cripe, J, Crowder, S G, Cumming, A, Cunningham, L, Cutler, C, Dahl, K, Dal Canton, T, Damjanic, M, Danilishin, S L, Danzmann, K, Dartez, L, Dave, I, Daveloza, H, Davies, G S, Daw, E J, DeBra, D, Del Pozzo, W, Denker, T, Dent, T, Dergachev, V, DeRosa, R T, DeSalvo, R, Dhurandhar, S, D´ıaz, M, Di Palma, I, Dojcinoski, G, Dominguez, E, Donovan, F, Dooley, K L, Doravari, S, Douglas, R, Downes, T P, Driggers, J C, Du, Z, Dwyer, S, Eberle, T, Edo, T, Edwards, M, Edwards, M, Effler, A, Eggenstein, H.-B, Ehrens, P, Eichholz, J, Eikenberry, S S, Essick, R, Etzel, T, Evans, M, Evans, T, Factourovich, M, Fairhurst, S, Fan, X, Fang, Q, Farr, B, Farr, W M, Favata, M, Fays, M, Fehrmann, H, Fejer, M M, Feldbaum, D, Ferreira, E C, Fisher, R P, Frei, Z, Freise, A, Frey, R, Fricke, T T, Fritschel, P, Frolov, V V, Fuentes-Tapia, S, Fulda, P, Fyffe, M, Gair, J R, Gaonkar, S, Gehrels, N, Gergely´, L Á, Giaime, J A, Giardina, K D, Gleason, J, Goetz, E, Goetz, R, Gondan, L, González, G, Gordon, N, Gorodetsky, M L, Gossan, S, Goßler, S, Gräf, C, Graff, P B, Grant, A, Gras, S, Gray, C, Greenhalgh, R J S, Gretarsson, A M, Grote, H, Grunewald, S, Guido, C J, Guo, X, Gushwa, K, Gustafson, E K, Gustafson, R, Hacker, J, Hall, E D, Hammond, G, Hanke, M, Hanks, J, Hanna, C, Hannam, M D, Hanson, J, Hardwick, T, Harry, G M, Harry, I W, Hart, M, Hartman, M T, Haster, C-J, Haughian, K, Hee, S, Heintze, M, Heinzel, G, Hendry, M, Heng, I S, Heptonstall, A W, Heurs, M, Hewitson, M, Hild, S, Hoak, D, Hodge, K A, Hollitt, S E, Holt, K, Hopkins, P, Hosken, D J, Hough, J, Houston, E, Howell, E J, Hu, Y M, Huerta, E, Hughey, B, Husa, S, Huttner, S H, Huynh, M, Huynh-Dinh, T, Idrisy, A, Indik, N, Ingram, D R, Inta, R, Islas, G, Isler, J C, Isogai, T, Iyer, B R, Izumi, K, Jacobson, M, Jang, H, Jawahar, S, Ji, Y, Jiménez-Forteza, F, Johnson, W W, Jones, D I, Jones, R, Ju, L, Haris, K, Kalogera, V, Kandhasamy, S, Kang, G, Kanner, J B, Katsavounidis, E, Katzman, W, Kaufer, H, Kaufer, S, Kaur, T, Kawabe, K, Kawazoe, F, Keiser, G M, Keitel, D, Kelley, D B, Kells, W, Keppel, D G, Key, J S, Khalaidovski, A, Khalili, F Y, Khazanov, E A, Kim, C, Kim, K, Kim, N G, Kim, N, Kim, Y.-M, King, E J, King, P J, Kinzel, D L, Kissel, J S, Klimenko, S, Kline, J, Koehlenbeck, S, Kokeyama, K, Kondrashov, V, Korobko, M, Korth, W Z, Kozak, D B, Kringel, V, Krishnan, B, Krueger, C, Kuehn, G, Kumar, A, Kumar, P, Kuo, L, Landry, M, Lantz, B, Larson, S, Lasky, P D, Lazzarini, A, Lazzaro, C, Le, J, Leaci, P, Leavey, S, Lebigot, E O, Lee, C H, Lee, H K, Lee, H M, Leong, J R, Levin, Y, Levine, B, Lewis, J, Li, T G F, Libbrecht, K, Libson, A, Lin, A C, Littenberg, T B, Lockerbie, N A, Lockett, V, Logue, J, Lombardi, A L, Lormand, M, Lough, J, Lubinski, M J, Lück, H, Lundgren, A P, Lynch, R, Ma, Y, Macarthur, J, MacDonald, T, Machenschalk, B, MacInnis, M, Macleod, D M, Magaña-Sandoval, F, Magee, R, Mageswaran, M, Maglione, C, Mailand, K, Mandel, I, Mandic, V, Mangano, V, Mansell, G L, Márka, S, Márka, Z, Markosyan, A, Maros, E, Martin, I W, Martin, R M, Martynov, D, Marx, J N, Mason, K, Massinger, T J, Matichard, F, Matone, L, Mavalvala, N, Mazumder, N, Mazzolo, G, McCarthy, R, McClelland, D E, McCormick, S, McGuire, S C, McIntyre, G, McIver, J, McLin, K, McWilliams, S, Meadors, G D, Meinders, M, Melatos, A, Mendell, G, Mercer, R A, Meshkov, S, Messenger, C, Meyers, P M, Miao, H, Middleton, H, Mikhailov, E E, Miller, A, Miller, J, Millhouse, M, Ming, J, Mirshekari, S, Mishra, C, Mitra, S, Mitrofanov, V P, Mitselmakher, G, Mittleman, R, Moe, B, Mohanty, S D, Mohapatra, S R P, Moore, B, Moraru, D, Moreno, G, Morriss, S R, Mossavi, K, Mow-Lowry, C M, Mueller, C L, Mueller, G, Mukherjee, S, Mullavey, A, Munch, J, Murphy, D, Murray, P G, Mytidis, A, Nash, T, Nayak, R K, Necula, V, Nedkova, K, Newton, G, Nguyen, T, Nielsen, A B, Nissanke, S, Nitz, A H, Nolting, D, Normandin, M E N, Nuttall, L K, Ochsner, E, O’Dell, J, Oelker, E, Ogin, G H, Oh, J J, Oh, S H, Ohme, F, Oppermann, P, Oram, R, O’Reilly, B, Ortega, W, O’Shaughnessy, R, Osthelder, C, Ott, C D, Ottaway, D J, Ottens, R S, Overmier, H, Owen, B J, Padilla, C, Pai, A, Pai, S, Palashov, O, Pal-Singh, A, Pan, H, Pankow, C, Pannarale, F, Pant, B C, Papa, M A, Paris, H, Patrick, Z, Pedraza, M, Pekowsky, L, Pele, A, Penn, S, Perreca, A, Phelps, M, Pierro, V, Pinto, I M, Pitkin, M, Poeld, J, Post, A, Poteomkin, A, Powell, J, Prasad, J, Predoi, V, Premachandra, S, Prestegard, T, Price, L R, Principe, M, Privitera, S, Prix, R, Prokhorov, L, Puncken, O, Pürrer, M, Qin, J, Quetschke, V, Quintero, E, Quiroga, G, Quitzow-James, R, Raab, F J, Rabeling, D S, Radkins, H, Raffai, P, Raja, S, Rajalakshmi, G, Rakhmanov, M, Ramirez, K, Raymond, V, Reed, C M, Reid, S, Reitze, D H, Reula, O, Riles, K, Robertson, N A, Robie, R, Rollins, J G, Roma, V, Romano, J D, Romanov, G, Romie, J H, Rowan, S, Rüdiger, A, Ryan, K, Sachdev, S, Sadecki, T, Sadeghian, L, Saleem, M, Salemi, F, Sammut, L, Sandberg, V, Sanders, J R, Sannibale, V, Santiago-Prieto, I, Sathyaprakash, B S, Saulson, P R, Savage, R, Sawadsky, A, Scheuer, J, Schilling, R, Schmidt, P, Schnabel, R, Schofield, R M S, Schreiber, E, Schuette, D, Schutz, B F, Scott, J, Scott, S M, Sellers, D, Sengupta, A S, Sergeev, A, Serna, G, Sevigny, A, Shaddock, D A, Shahriar, M S, Shaltev, M, Shao, Z, Shapiro, B, Shawhan, P, Shoemaker, D H, Sidery, T L, Siemens, X, Sigg, D, Silva, A D, Simakov, D, Singer, A, Singer, L, Singh, R, Sintes, A M, Slagmolen, B J J, Smith, J R, Smith, M R, Smith, R J E, Smith-Lefebvre, N D, Son, E J, Sorazu, B, Souradeep, T, Staley, A, Stebbins, J, Steinke, M, Steinlechner, J, Steinlechner, S, Steinmeyer, D, Stephens, B C, Steplewski, S, Stevenson, S, Stone, R, Strain, K A, Strigin, S, Sturani, R, Stuver, A L, Summerscales, T Z, Sutton, P J, Szczepanczyk, M, Szeifert, G, Talukder, D, Tanner, D B, Tápai, M, Tarabrin, S P, Taracchini, A, Taylor, R, Tellez, G, Theeg, T, Thirugnanasambandam, M P, Thomas, M, Thomas, P, Thorne, K A, Thorne, K S, Thrane, E, Tiwari, V, Tomlinson, C, Torres, C V, Torrie, C I, Traylor, G, Tse, M, Tshilumba, D, Ugolini, D, Unnikrishnan, C S, Urban, A L, Usman, S A, Vahlbruch, H, Vajente, G, Valdes, G, Vallisneri, M, van Veggel, A A, Vass, S, Vaulin, R, Vecchio, A, Veitch, J, Veitch, P J, Venkateswara, K, Vincent-Finley, R, Vitale, S, Vo, T, Vorvick, C, Vousden, W D, Vyatchanin, S P, Wade, A R, Wade, L, Wade, M, Walker, M, Wallace, L, Walsh, S, Wang, H, Wang, M, Wang, X, Ward, R L, Warner, J, Was, M, Weaver, B, Weinert, M, Weinstein, A J, Weiss, R, Welborn, T, Wen, L, Wessels, P, Westphal, T, Wette, K, Whelan, J T, Whitcomb, S E, White, D J, Whiting, B F, Wilkinson, C, Williams, L, Williams, R, Williamson, A R, Willis, J L, Willke, B, Wimmer, M, Winkler, W, Wipf, C C, Wittel, H, Woan, G, Worden, J, Xie, S, Yablon, J, Yakushin, I, Yam, W, Yamamoto, H, Yancey, C C, Yang, Q, Zanolin, M, Zhang, Fan, Zhang, L, Zhang, M, Zhang, Y, Zhao, C, Zhou, M, Zhu, X J, Zucker, M E, Zuraw, S, Zweizig, J·2015·Classical and Quantum Gravity
DOI 10.1088/0264-9381/32/7/074001
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Abstract

Abstract The Advanced LIGO gravitational wave detectors are second-generation instruments designed and built for the two LIGO observatories in Hanford, WA and Livingston, LA, USA. The two instruments are identical in design, and are specialized versions of a Michelson interferometer with 4 km long arms. As in Initial LIGO, Fabry–Perot cavities are used in the arms to increase the interaction time with a gravitational wave, and power recycling is used to increase the effective laser power. Signal recycling has been added in Advanced LIGO to improve the frequency response. In the most sensitive frequency region around 100 Hz, the design strain sensitivity is a factor of 10 better than Initial LIGO. In addition, the low frequency end of the sensitivity band is moved from 40 Hz down to 10 Hz. All interferometer components have been replaced with improved technologies to achieve this sensitivity gain. Much better seismic isolation and test mass suspensions are responsible for the gains at lower frequencies. Higher laser power, larger test masses and improved mirror coatings lead to the improved sensitivity at mid and high frequencies. Data collecting runs with these new instruments are planned to begin in mid-2015.

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The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Aasi, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T., Abernathy, M. R., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V, Affeldt, C., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Alemic, A., Allen, B., Amariutei, D., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Arceneaux, C., Areeda, J. S., Ashton, G., Ast, S., Aston, S. M., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., Aylott, B. E., Babak, S., Baker, P. T., Ballmer, S. W., Barayoga, J. C., Barbet, M., Barclay, S., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Bartlett, J., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Batch, J. C., Baune, C., Behnke, B., Bell, A. S., Bell, C., Benacquista, M., Bergman, J., Bergmann, G., Berry, C. P. L., Betzwieser, J., Bhagwat, S., Bhandare, R., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Biscans, S., Biwer, C., Blackburn, J. K., Blackburn, L., Blair, C. D., Blair, D., Bock, O., Bodiya, T. P., Bojtos, P., Bond, C., Bork, R., Born, M., Bose, S., Brady, P. R., Braginsky, V. B., Brau, J. E., Bridges, D. O., Brinkmann, M., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brown, D. D., Brown, N. M., Buchman, S., Buikema, A., Buonanno, A., Cadonati, L., Calderón Bustillo, J., Camp, J. B., Cannon, K. C., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Caride, S., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cepeda, C., Chakraborty, R., Chalermsongsak, T., Chamberlin, S. J., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chen, Y., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Chow, J. H., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Collette, C., Cominsky, L., Constancio, M., Cook, D., Corbitt, T. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M. W., Countryman, S., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cripe, J., Crowder, S. G., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cutler, C., Dahl, K., Dal Canton, T., Damjanic, M., Danilishin, S. L., Danzmann, K., Dartez, L., Dave, I., Daveloza, H., Davies, G. S., Daw, E. J., DeBra, D., Del Pozzo, W., Denker, T., Dent, T., Dergachev, V, DeRosa, R. T., DeSalvo, R., Dhurandhar, S., D´ıaz, M., Di Palma, I., Dojcinoski, G., Dominguez, E., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Douglas, R., Downes, T. P., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Dwyer, S., Eberle, T., Edo, T., Edwards, M., Edwards, M., Effler, A., Eggenstein, H.-B., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Essick, R., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T., Factourovich, M., Fairhurst, S., Fan, X., Fang, Q., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fehrmann, H., Fejer, M. M., Feldbaum, D., Ferreira, E. C., Fisher, R. P., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Fricke, T. T., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fuentes-Tapia, S., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gair, J. R., Gaonkar, S., Gehrels, N., Gergely´, L. Á., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Gleason, J., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gondan, L., González, G., Gordon, N., Gorodetsky, M. 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M., Mueller, C. L., Mueller, G., Mukherjee, S., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Murphy, D., Murray, P. G., Mytidis, A., Nash, T., Nayak, R. K., Necula, V, Nedkova, K., Newton, G., Nguyen, T., Nielsen, A. B., Nissanke, S., Nitz, A. H., Nolting, D., Normandin, M. E. N., Nuttall, L. K., Ochsner, E., O’Dell, J., Oelker, E., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Oppermann, P., Oram, R., O’Reilly, B., Ortega, W., O’Shaughnessy, R., Osthelder, C., Ott, C. D., Ottaway, D. J., Ottens, R. S., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Padilla, C., Pai, A., Pai, S., Palashov, O., Pal-Singh, A., Pan, H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Papa, M. A., Paris, H., Patrick, Z., Pedraza, M., Pekowsky, L., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Phelps, M., Pierro, V, Pinto, I. M., Pitkin, M., Poeld, J., Post, A., Poteomkin, A., Powell, J., Prasad, J., Predoi, V, Premachandra, S., Prestegard, T., Price, L. R., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Prokhorov, L., Puncken, O., Pürrer, M., Qin, J., Quetschke, V, Quintero, E., Quiroga, G., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rajalakshmi, G., Rakhmanov, M., Ramirez, K., Raymond, V, Reed, C. M., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Reula, O., Riles, K., Robertson, N. A., Robie, R., Rollins, J. G., Roma, V, Romano, J. D., Romanov, G., Romie, J. H., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadeghian, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Sammut, L., Sandberg, V, Sanders, J. R., Sannibale, V, Santiago-Prieto, I., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Saulson, P. R., Savage, R., Sawadsky, A., Scheuer, J., Schilling, R., Schmidt, P., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schreiber, E., Schuette, D., Schutz, B. F., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sergeev, A., Serna, G., Sevigny, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shahriar, M. S., Shaltev, M., Shao, Z., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Shoemaker, D. H., Sidery, T. 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Venue
Classical and Quantum Gravity
Publisher
IOP Publishing
Published
2015-03-03
Volume
32
Issue
7
Pages
074001
ISSN
  • 0264-9381 (ISSN-L)
  • 1361-6382
DOI
10.1088/0264-9381/32/7/074001
OpenAlex
W4234856688
Cited by
3,356
References
1
FWCI
79.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

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Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.