The DOI matches its Crossref record.
First patients treated with a 1.5 T MRI-Linac: clinical proof of concept of a high-precision, high-field MRI guided radiotherapy treatment
Open accessAbstract
The integration of 1.5 T MRI functionality with a radiotherapy linear accelerator (linac) has been pursued since 1999 by the UMC Utrecht in close collaboration with Elekta and Philips. The idea behind this integrated device is to offer unrivalled, online and real-time, soft-tissue visualization of the tumour and the surroundings for more precise radiation delivery. The proof of concept of this device was given in 2009 by demonstrating simultaneous irradiation and MR imaging on phantoms, since then the device has been further developed and commercialized by Elekta. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the clinical feasibility of online, high-precision, high-field MRI guidance of radiotherapy using the first clinical prototype MRI-Linac. Four patients with lumbar spine bone metastases were treated with a 3 or 5 beam step-and-shoot IMRT plan. The IMRT plan was created while the patient was on the treatment table and based on the online 1.5 T MR images; pre-treatment CT was deformably registered to the online MRI to obtain Hounsfield values. Bone metastases were chosen as the first site as these tumors can be clearly visualized on MRI and the surrounding spine bone can be detected on the integrated portal imager. This way the portal images served as an independent verification of the MRI based guidance to quantify the geometric precision of radiation delivery. Dosimetric accuracy was assessed post-treatment from phantom measurements with an ionization chamber and film. Absolute doses were found to be highly accurate, with deviations ranging from 0.0% to 1.7% in the isocenter. The geometrical, MRI based targeting as confirmed using portal images was better than 0.5 mm, ranging from 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm. In conclusion, high precision, high-field, 1.5 T MRI guided radiotherapy is clinically feasible.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Adaptive radiotherapy: The Elekta Unity MR-linac concept
Winkel, D., Bol, G. H., Kroon, P. S., van Asselen, B., Hackett, S. S., Werensteijn-Honingh, A. M., Intven, M. P. W., Eppinga, W. S. C., Tijssen, R. H. N., Kerkmeijer, L. G. W., et al. (2019) · Clinical and Translational Radiation Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.ctro.2019.04.001 · Cited by 572
Self-citationMaspero, M., Savenije, M. H. F., Dinkla, A. M., Seevinck, P. R., Intven, M. P. W., Jurgenliemk-Schulz, I. M., Kerkmeijer, L. G. W., & van den Berg, C. A. T. (2018) · Physics in Medicine & Biology · doi:10.1088/1361-6560/aada6d · Cited by 253
Self-citationLiang, Y., Schott, D., Zhang, Y., Wang, Z., Nasief, H., Paulson, E., Hall, W., Knechtges, P., Erickson, B., & Li, X. A. (2020) · Radiotherapy and Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.radonc.2020.01.021 · Cited by 90
Top-Level Design and Simulated Performance of the First Portable CT-MR Scanner
Peng, Y., Li, M., Grandinetti, J., Wang, G., & Jia, X. (2022) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2022.3208278 · Cited by 4
“a combination of MRI with medical linear accelerator demonstrated clinical MR imaging functions in close proximity to a powerful x-ray production device [7], [8].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Raaymakers, B. W., Jürgenliemk-Schulz, I. M., Bol, G. H., Glitzner, M., Kotte, A. N. T. J., van Asselen, B., de Boer, J. C. J., Bluemink, J. J., Hackett, S. L., Moerland, M. A., Woodings, S. J., Wolthaus, J. W. H., van Zijp, H. M., Philippens, M. E. P., Tijssen, R., Kok, J. G. M., de Groot-van Breugel, E. N., Kiekebosch, I., Meijers, L. T. C., Nomden, C. N., Sikkes, G. G., Doornaert, P. A. H., Eppinga, W. S. C., Kasperts, N., Kerkmeijer, L. G. W., Tersteeg, J. H. A., Brown, K. J., Pais, B., Woodhead, P., & Lagendijk, J. J. W.
- Venue
- Physics in Medicine & Biology
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2017-11-14
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- L41-L50
- ISSN
- 0031-9155 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-6560
- OpenAlex
- W2768510334
- Cited by
- 541
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 47.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: First patients treated with a 1.5 T MRI-Linac: clinical proof of concept of a high-precision, high-field MRI guided radiotherapy treatment. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1088/1361-6560/aa9517
- The paper
- Raaymakers, B. W., Jürgenliemk-Schulz, I. M., Bol, G. H., Glitzner, M., Kotte, A. N. T. J., van Asselen, B., de Boer, J. C. J., Bluemink, J. J., Hackett, S. L., Moerland, M. A., Woodings, S. J., Wolthaus, J. W. H., van Zijp, H. M., Philippens, M. E. P., Tijssen, R., Kok, J. G. M., de Groot-van Breugel, E. N., Kiekebosch, I., Meijers, L. T. C., . . . Lagendijk, J. J. W. (2017). First patients treated with a 1.5 T MRI-Linac: clinical proof of concept of a high-precision, high-field MRI guided radiotherapy treatment. Physics in Medicine & Biology. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/aa9517
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
