Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 1,519

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 331 of the 331 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Simons Observatory: science goals and forecasts

Open access
Ade, Peter, Aguirre, James, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Aiola, Simone, Ali, Aamir, Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo A., Arnold, Kam, Ashton, Peter, Austermann, Jason, Awan, Humna, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baildon, Taylor, Barron, Darcy, Battaglia, Nick, Battye, Richard, Baxter, Eric, Bazarko, Andrew, Beall, James A., Bean, Rachel, Beck, Dominic, Beckman, Shawn, Beringue, Benjamin, Bianchini, Federico, Boada, Steven, Boettger, David, Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Brown, Michael L., Bruno, Sarah Marie, Bryan, Sean, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Calisse, Paolo, Carron, Julien, Challinor, Anthony, Chesmore, Grace, Chinone, Yuji, Chluba, Jens, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Choi, Steve, Coppi, Gabriele, Cothard, Nicholas F., Coughlin, Kevin, Crichton, Devin, Crowley, Kevin D., Crowley, Kevin T., Cukierman, Ari, D'Ewart, John M., Dünner, Rolando, de Haan, Tijmen, Devlin, Mark, Dicker, Simon, Didier, Joy, Dobbs, Matt, Dober, Bradley, Duell, Cody J., Duff, Shannon, Duivenvoorden, Adri, Dunkley, Jo, Dusatko, John, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Fluxà, Pedro, Freese, Katherine, Frisch, Josef C., Frolov, Andrei, Fuller, George, Fuzia, Brittany, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Ghersi, Jose Tomas Galvez, Gao, Jiansong, Gawiser, Eric, Gerbino, Martina, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Golec, Joseph, Gordon, Sam, Gralla, Megan, Green, Daniel, Grigorian, Arpi, Groh, John, Groppi, Chris, Guan, Yilun, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Han, Dongwon, Hargrave, Peter, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hattori, Makoto, Haynes, Victor, Hazumi, Masashi, He, Yizhou, Healy, Erin, Henderson, Shawn W., Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos, Hill, Charles A., Hill, J. Colin, Hilton, Gene, Hilton, Matt, Hincks, Adam D., Hinshaw, Gary, Hložek, Renée, Ho, Shirley, Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty, Howe, Logan, Huang, Zhiqi, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin, Hughes, John P., Ijjas, Anna, Ikape, Margaret, Irwin, Kent, Jaffe, Andrew H., Jain, Bhuvnesh, Jeong, Oliver, Kaneko, Daisuke, Karpel, Ethan D., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keating, Brian, Kernasovskiy, Sarah S., Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Kiuchi, Kenji, Klein, Jeff, Knowles, Kenda, Koopman, Brian, Kosowsky, Arthur, Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta, Kuenstner, Stephen E., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lashner, Jacob, Lee, Adrian, Lee, Eunseong, Leon, David, Leung, Jason S.-Y., Lewis, Antony, Li, Yaqiong, Li, Zack, Limon, Michele, Linder, Eric, Lopez-Caraballo, Carlos, Louis, Thibaut, Lowry, Lindsay, Lungu, Marius, Madhavacheril, Mathew, Mak, Daisy, Maldonado, Felipe, Mani, Hamdi, Mates, Ben, Matsuda, Frederick, Maurin, Loïc, Mauskopf, Phil, May, Andrew, McCallum, Nialh, McKenney, Chris, McMahon, Jeff, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber, Mirmelstein, Mark, Moodley, Kavilan, Munchmeyer, Moritz, Munson, Charles, Naess, Sigurd, Nati, Federico, Navaroli, Martin, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Michael, Nishino, Haruki, Orlowski-Scherer, John, Page, Lyman, Partridge, Bruce, Peloton, Julien, Perrotta, Francesca, Piccirillo, Lucio, Pisano, Giampaolo, Poletti, Davide, Puddu, Roberto, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Raum, Chris, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rephaeli, Yoel, Riechers, Dominik, Rojas, Felipe, Roy, Anirban, Sadeh, Sharon, Sakurai, Yuki, Salatino, Maria, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel, Sehgal, Neelima, Seibert, Joseph, Seljak, Uros, Sherwin, Blake, Shimon, Meir, Sierra, Carlos, Sievers, Jonathan, Sikhosana, Precious, Silva-Feaver, Maximiliano, Simon, Sara M., Sinclair, Adrian, Siritanasak, Praween, Smith, Kendrick, Smith, Stephen R., Spergel, David, Staggs, Suzanne T., Stein, George, Stevens, Jason R., Stompor, Radek, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Takakura, Satoru, Teply, Grant, Thomas, Daniel B., Thorne, Ben, Thornton, Robert, Trac, Hy, Tsai, Calvin, Tucker, Carole, Ullom, Joel, Vagnozzi, Sunny, Engelen, Alexander van, Lanen, Jeff Van, Winkle, Daniel D. Van, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vergès, Clara, Vissers, Michael, Wagoner, Kasey, Walker, Samantha, Ward, Jon, Westbrook, Ben, Whitehorn, Nathan, Williams, Jason, Williams, Joel, Wollack, Edward J., Xu, Zhilei, Yu, Byeonghee, Yu, Cyndia, Zago, Fernando, Zhang, Hezi, Zhu, Ningfeng, The Simons Observatory collaboration·2019·Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

Abstract

The Simons Observatory (SO) is a new cosmic microwave background experiment being built on Cerro Toco in Chile, due to begin observations in the early 2020s. We describe the scientific goals of the experiment, motivate the design, and forecast its performance. SO will measure the temperature and polarization anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background in six frequency bands centered at: 27, 39, 93, 145, 225 and 280 GHz. The initial configuration of SO will have three small-aperture 0.5-m telescopes and one large-aperture 6-m telescope, with a total of 60,000 cryogenic bolometers. Our key science goals are to characterize the primordial perturbations, measure the number of relativistic species and the mass of neutrinos, test for deviations from a cosmological constant, improve our understanding of galaxy evolution, and constrain the duration of reionization. The small aperture telescopes will target the largest angular scales observable from Chile, mapping ≈ 10% of the sky to a white noise level of 2 μK-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, to measure the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio,r, at a target level of σ(r)=0.003. The large aperture telescope will map ≈ 40% of the sky at arcminute angular resolution to an expected white noise level of 6 μK-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, overlapping with the majority of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope sky region and partially with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument. With up to an order of magnitude lower polarization noise than maps from the Planck satellite, the high-resolution sky maps will constrain cosmological parameters derived from the damping tail, gravitational lensing of the microwave background, the primordial bispectrum, and the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects, and will aid in delensing the large-angle polarization signal to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio. The survey will also provide a legacy catalog of 16,000 galaxy clusters and more than 20,000 extragalactic sources.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1088/1475-7516/2019/02/056

Cites

331 of 331 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 331 references

Cited by

See all 1,519

Metadata

Authors
Ade, P., Aguirre, J., Ahmed, Z., Aiola, S., Ali, A., Alonso, D., Alvarez, M. A., Arnold, K., Ashton, P., Austermann, J., Awan, H., Baccigalupi, C., Baildon, T., Barron, D., Battaglia, N., Battye, R., Baxter, E., Bazarko, A., Beall, J. A., Bean, R., Beck, D., Beckman, S., Beringue, B., Bianchini, F., Boada, S., Boettger, D., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Brown, M. L., Bruno, S. M., Bryan, S., Calabrese, E., Calafut, V., Calisse, P., Carron, J., Challinor, A., Chesmore, G., Chinone, Y., Chluba, J., Cho, H.-M. S., Choi, S., Coppi, G., Cothard, N. F., Coughlin, K., Crichton, D., Crowley, K. D., Crowley, K. T., Cukierman, A., D'Ewart, J. M., Dünner, R., de Haan, T., Devlin, M., Dicker, S., Didier, J., Dobbs, M., Dober, B., Duell, C. J., Duff, S., Duivenvoorden, A., Dunkley, J., Dusatko, J., Errard, J., Fabbian, G., Feeney, S., Ferraro, S., Fluxà, P., Freese, K., Frisch, J. C., Frolov, A., Fuller, G., Fuzia, B., Galitzki, N., Gallardo, P. A., Ghersi, J. T. G., Gao, J., Gawiser, E., Gerbino, M., Gluscevic, V., Goeckner-Wald, N., Golec, J., Gordon, S., Gralla, M., Green, D., Grigorian, A., Groh, J., Groppi, C., Guan, Y., Gudmundsson, J. E., Han, D., Hargrave, P., Hasegawa, M., Hasselfield, M., Hattori, M., Haynes, V., Hazumi, M., He, Y., Healy, E., Henderson, S. W., Hervias-Caimapo, C., Hill, C. A., Hill, J. C., Hilton, G., Hilton, M., Hincks, A. D., Hinshaw, G., Hložek, R., Ho, S., Ho, S.-P. P., Howe, L., Huang, Z., Hubmayr, J., Huffenberger, K., Hughes, J. P., Ijjas, A., Ikape, M., Irwin, K., Jaffe, A. H., Jain, B., Jeong, O., Kaneko, D., Karpel, E. D., Katayama, N., Keating, B., Kernasovskiy, S. S., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Kiuchi, K., Klein, J., Knowles, K., Koopman, B., Kosowsky, A., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kuenstner, S. E., Kuo, C.-L., Kusaka, A., Lashner, J., Lee, A., Lee, E., Leon, D., Leung, J. S.-Y., Lewis, A., Li, Y., Li, Z., Limon, M., Linder, E., Lopez-Caraballo, C., Louis, T., Lowry, L., Lungu, M., Madhavacheril, M., Mak, D., Maldonado, F., Mani, H., Mates, B., Matsuda, F., Maurin, L., Mauskopf, P., May, A., McCallum, N., McKenney, C., McMahon, J., Meerburg, P. D., Meyers, J., Miller, A., Mirmelstein, M., Moodley, K., Munchmeyer, M., Munson, C., Naess, S., Nati, F., Navaroli, M., Newburgh, L., Nguyen, H. N., Niemack, M., Nishino, H., Orlowski-Scherer, J., Page, L., Partridge, B., Peloton, J., Perrotta, F., Piccirillo, L., Pisano, G., Poletti, D., Puddu, R., Puglisi, G., Raum, C., Reichardt, C. L., Remazeilles, M., Rephaeli, Y., Riechers, D., Rojas, F., Roy, A., Sadeh, S., Sakurai, Y., Salatino, M., Rao, M. S., Schaan, E., Schmittfull, M., Sehgal, N., Seibert, J., Seljak, U., Sherwin, B., Shimon, M., Sierra, C., Sievers, J., Sikhosana, P., Silva-Feaver, M., Simon, S. M., Sinclair, A., Siritanasak, P., Smith, K., Smith, S. R., Spergel, D., Staggs, S. T., Stein, G., Stevens, J. R., Stompor, R., Suzuki, A., Tajima, O., Takakura, S., Teply, G., Thomas, D. B., Thorne, B., Thornton, R., Trac, H., Tsai, C., Tucker, C., Ullom, J., Vagnozzi, S., Engelen, A. V., Lanen, J. V., Winkle, D. D. V., Vavagiakis, E. M., Vergès, C., Vissers, M., Wagoner, K., Walker, S., Ward, J., Westbrook, B., Whitehorn, N., Williams, J., Williams, J., Wollack, E. J., Xu, Z., Yu, B., Yu, C., Zago, F., Zhang, H., Zhu, N., & The Simons Observatory collaboration
Venue
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
Published
2019-02-01
Volume
2019
Issue
02
Pages
056-056
ISSN
  • 1475-7508 (ISSN-L)
  • 1475-7516
OpenAlex
W2888259247
Cited by
1,519
References
331
FWCI
86.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Simons Observatory: science goals and forecasts. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1088/1475-7516/2019/02/056
The paper
Ade, P., Aguirre, J., Ahmed, Z., Aiola, S., Ali, A., Alonso, D., Alvarez, M. A., Arnold, K., Ashton, P., Austermann, J., Awan, H., Baccigalupi, C., Baildon, T., Barron, D., Battaglia, N., Battye, R., Baxter, E., Bazarko, A., Beall, J. A., . . . The Simons Observatory collaboration. (2019). The Simons Observatory: science goals and forecasts. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2019/02/056

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.