Topological nodal line semimetals
Open accessAbstract
We review the recent, mainly theoretical, progress in the study of topological nodal line semimetals in three dimensions. In these semimetals, the conduction and the valence bands cross each other along a one-dimensional curve in the three-dimensional Brillouin zone, and any perturbation that preserves a certain symmetry group (generated by either spatial symmetries or time-reversal symmetry) cannot remove this crossing line and open a full direct gap between the two bands. The nodal line(s) is hence topologically protected by the symmetry group, and can be associated with a topological invariant. In this review, (i) we enumerate the symmetry groups that may protect a topological nodal line; (ii) we write down the explicit form of the topological invariant for each of these symmetry groups in terms of the wave functions on the Fermi surface, establishing a topological classification; (iii) for certain classes, we review the proposals for the realization of these semimetals in real materials; (iv) we discuss different scenarios that when the protecting symmetry is broken, how a topological nodal line semimetal becomes Weyl semimetals, Dirac semimetals, and other topological phases; and (v) we discuss the possible physical effects accessible to experimental probes in these materials.
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- Authors
- Fang, C., Weng, H., Dai, X., & Fang, Z.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Chinese Physics B
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2016-11
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 117106
- ISSN
- 1674-1056 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2522609661
- Semantic Scholar
- 4fc75ffe2056e6009840d14e54419a306c615575
- Cited by
- 819
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 44 · 2025: 80 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 93 · 2022: 111 · 2021: 103 · 2020: 107 · 2019: 78 · 2018: 87 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 32.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Chinese Physics B (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (2016YFA0302400, 2013CB921700, 11422428, 11274359)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB07020100)
- National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFA03 00604, 2016YFA0302400, 2013CB921700)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Topological Materials and Phenomena
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Condensed Matter Physics › Advanced Condensed Matter Physics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › 2D Materials and Applications
- Keywords
- topological nodal-line semimetal, topological invariants, symmetry-protected topological phases, time-reversal symmetry, spatial symmetry, Fermi surface, Weyl semimetals, Dirac semimetal, topological classification, symmetry breaking
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