Accurate identification of motor unit discharge patterns from high-density surface EMG and validation with a novel signal-based performance metric.

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Multichannel Blind Source Separation Using Convolution Kernel Compensation

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Comparison of the recruitment and discharge properties of motor units in human brachial biceps and adductor pollicis during isometric contractions

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Decomposition of Surface EMG Signals

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On-line decomposition of iEMG signals using GPU-implemented Bayesian filtering

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Surface EMG Analysis of Age-related Changes in Motor Unit Firing Rates of Triceps Surae During Isometric Plantar Flexion

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Acute effects of orofacial, neck, and shoulder relaxation exercises and chewing on soleus H-reflex and motor unit discharge patterns

Magdič, M., Holobar, A., Kramberger, M., Vogrin, M., Murks, N., Fekonja, A., & Kalc, M. (2025) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00461.2024 · Cited by 1

Continuous Wrist Angle Estimation Under Different Resistance Based on Dynamic EMG Decomposition

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Propagation of beta bursts from the motor cortex to the motor units of multiple upper-limb muscles

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Relationship Between Quadriceps Neuromuscular Activity and Knee Extensor Strength at Four Months After ACL Reconstruction in High-Level Young Athletes

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Neural-Driven Simultaneous Recognition of Gestures and Forces via Feature Enhancement for Prosthetic Control

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Effects of fatigue on motor unit characteristics in isometric elbow contractions across age groups

Kuang, H., Qiu, F., Liu, X. M., & Chen, C. (2026) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2025.1747360 · Cited by 1

Adaptation of motor unit synergies in the synergetic ankle plantarflexors in ambulatory persons with incomplete spinal cord injury

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Maximal motor unit firing rates decline with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis progression

Fernandes, G. L., Orssatto, L. B. R., Pinto, M. D., Henkin, J. S., Shandiz, E. E., McCombe, P., Henderson, R. D., & Trajano, G. S. (2026) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111697 · Cited by 1

Spinal motor neuron pools may be partly driven by impulsive common inputs

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Age-related differences in motor unit discharge rate modulation across contraction levels

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Bed rest and endurance retraining alter persistent inward current estimates in young and older males

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Decomposition of surface electromyograms reveals changes in motor control after 14-day bed rest

Divjak, M., Glaser, V., Holobar, A., Šimunič, B., Koren, K., Gerževič, M., & Pišot, R. (2016) · Irish Signals and Systems Conference · doi:10.1109/issc.2016.7528450 · Cited by 1

Motor control strategies in gastrocnemins mnscles are affected differently in yonnger than in older adnlts after 14-day bed rest

Divjak, M., Šimunič, B., Pišot, R., Gerževič, M., Koren, K., & Holobar, A. (2017) · World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-5122-7_175 · Cited by 1

Comparison of non-negative matrix factorization and convolution kernel compensation in surface electromyograms of forearm muscles

Šavc, M., Glaser, V., Holobar, A., Cikajlo, I., & Matjačić, Z. (2017) · International Congress on Image and Signal Processing (CISP) · doi:10.1109/cisp-bmei.2017.8302216 · Cited by 1

Novel Method for Accuracy Assessment of Individual Motor Unit Firing Identification from High-Density Surface Electromyograms

Urh, F., & Holobar, A. (2018) · IEEE-EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences · doi:10.1109/iecbes.2018.8626647 · Cited by 1

Investigation of Motor Units Activity: Comparison of Single Channel Surface EMG Deconvolution and Blind Source Separation of Multichannel Data

Mesin, L., Robert, E., Boccia, G., & Vieira, T. (2024) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2024.3380005 · Cited by 1

Personalized Alpha-Motoneuron Pool Models Driven by Neural Data Encode the Mechanisms Controlling Rate of Force Development

Ornelas-Kobayashi, R., Gomez-Orozco, I., Gogeascoechea, A., van Asseldonk, E. H. F., & Sartori, M. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnsre.2024.3467692 · Cited by 1

Assessing the impact of degree of fusion and muscle fibre twitch shape variation on the accuracy of motor unit discharge time identification from ultrasound images

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Towards Personalized Motor-Restoring Technologies: Characterizing Neural Data-Driven Alpha-Motoneuron Model Parameters

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Tracking Motor Unit Discharges Across Days Based on the Pre-Trained Separation Vectors

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Sex Differences in Motor Unit Behavior in Patients With Parkinson's Disease

Nishikawa, Y., Watanabe, K., Holobar, A., Takahashi, T., Maeda, N., Maruyama, H., & Hyngstrom, A. S. (2025) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.70191 · Cited by 1

Analysis of Intramuscular Motor Unit Coherence in the Tibialis Anterior Muscle as a Tool for the Assessment of Robot-Assisted Rehabilitation

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Torque Estimation Using Neural Drive for a Concentric Contraction

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On the Need for Spatial Whitening of High-Density Surface Electromyograms in Motor Unit Identification by Neural Networks

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Detecting and decoding spiking activity from sample populations of single motor neurons using wearable sensors

Ting, J. E., Vecchio, A. D., Verma, N., Sarma, D., Annetta, N. V., Collinger, J. L., Farina, D., & Weber, D. J. (2021) · Integrated Sensors for Biological and Neural Sensing · doi:10.1117/12.2583313 · Cited by 1

Altered Motor Unit Territories After Intramuscular Botulinum Toxin Injection in Spastic Biceps Brachii Muscle

Chandra, S., Holobar, A., Afsharipour, B., Rymer, W. Z., & Suresh, N. L. (2021) · Biosystems & biorobotics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-70316-5_63 · Cited by 1

Analysis of Intramuscular Coherence of Lower Limb Muscle Activities Using Magnitude Squared Coherence

Arunganesh, K., Sivakumaran, N., Kumaravel, S., & Karthick, P. A. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-97845-7_12 · Cited by 1

Surface EMG decomposition based on innervation zone mapping and an LMMSE framework

He, J., Yi, X., & Huang, K. J. (2023) · Biomedical Signal Processing and Control · doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2023.104728 · Cited by 1

Influence of pedal characteristics on pedaling control and neural drive in older adults

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Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation acutely impacts motor unit firing activity during isometric contractionsPreprint

Avrillon, S., Hernandez-Pavon, J. C., Kurukuti, N. M., Hoo, G. W., & Pons, J. L. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.12.22.521271 · Cited by 2

Identification of motor unit discharges from ultrasound images: Analysis of in silico and in vivo experimentsPreprint

Rohlén, R., Lubel, E., & Farina, D. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.01.18.576300 · Cited by 1

Changes in motor unit conduction velocity after unilateral lower limb suspension and active recovery correlate with muscle ion channel gene expressionPreprint

Valli, G., Sarto, F., Negro, F., Monti, E., Sirago, G., Paganini, M., Zampieri, S., Franchi, M. V., Casolo, A., Candia, J., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.02.26.640329 · Cited by 1

A novel technique for assessment of neuromuscular coupling in pathological tremor

Spagnolo, G., Gallego, J. Á., Rocón, E., Romero, J. P., Benito‐León, J., & Pons, J. L. (2014)

Detection of Common Synaptic Inputs Shared by Populations of Motor Neurons Innervating Different Muscles: Methodology and Considerations for Neuroprosthetic Treatment of Tremor

Gallego, J. Á., Dideriksen, J. L., Holobar, A., Romero, J. P., Benito‐León, J., Bermejo‐Pareja, F., Pons, J. L., Rocón, E., & Farina, D. (2014) · Biosystems & biorobotics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08072-7_58

A Novel Measure of Motor Unit Action Potential Variability in Nonstationary Surface Electromyograms

Glaser, V., & Holobar, A. (2016) · Biosystems & biorobotics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46669-9_23

Decoding motor neuron behavior for advanced control of upper limb prostheses

Kapelner, T. (2016) · doi:10.53846/goediss-6007

Surface EMG Examination of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Nezhad, F. J. (2015) · Figshare

Advanced Signal Processing Techniques for Multi-channel EMG – On the Need for Motor Unit Action Potential Compensation

Kranjec, J., & Holobar, A. (2018) · Biosystems & biorobotics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-01845-0_202

Cross-Examination of Motor Unit Pulses Improves the Accuracy of Motor Unit Identification from High-Density EMG

Urh, F., & Holobar, A. (2018) · Biosystems & biorobotics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-01845-0_227

On the Impact of Muscle Shortening on Non-Negative Matrix Factorization of Dynamic Surface Electromyograms

Šavc, M., Glaser, V., & Holobar, A. (2018) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/embc.2018.8513670

Neuromuscular adaptations induced by long-term motor skill training

Diedrichs, R. (2020) · doi:10.53846/goediss-8293

Decomposition of High Density Electromyogram Reveals Changes in Motor Unit Action Potential Amplitude After Intramuscular Botulinum Toxin

Chandra, S., Suresh, N. L., Afsharipour, B., Rymer, W. Z., & Holobar, A. (2020) · World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-64610-3_39

Decomposition of Compound Muscle Action Potentials by Convolution Kernel Compensation Method: Improved Segmentation of Motor Unit Firings

Holobar, A. (2020) · World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-64610-3_38

Approximate credibility intervals on electromyographic decomposition algorithms within a Bayesian framework

Thill, O. (2021) · Open Access at Essex (University of Essex)

Thermoregulatory and neuromuscular responses to passive heating in 42°C hot water

Rodrigues, P. (2021) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.214197

Transcranial alternating current stimulation does not modulate corticospinal activity in humansPreprint

Ibáñez, J., Zicher, B., Brown, K. E., Rocchi, L., Casolo, A., Vecchio, A. D., Spampinato, D. A., Vollette, C.-A., Rothwell, J. C., Baker, S. N., et al. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.01.13.476093

Effects of ageing and resistance training on intrinsic motor neurone excitability

Orssatto, L. B. R. (2022) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.233612

A graph-based approach to identify motor neuron synergiesPreprint

Avrillon, S., Hug, F., & Farina, D. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.02.07.527433

Reply to “Motor unit characteristics in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis”

Nishikawa, Y. (2023) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2023.02.162

Estimates of persistent inward currents in lower limb muscles are not different between inactive, resistance-trained and endurance-trained young individualsPreprint

Goreau, V., Hug, F., Jannou, A., Dernoncourt, F., Crouzier, M., & Cattagni, T. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.07.13.548353

The use of nutritional interventions and its effects on parameters of motor function and intrinsic motor neurone excitability

Mackay, K. (2023) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.242771

Evaluation of the effects of sinusoidal vibrotactile stimulation on the neurophysiological control of muscle force

Germer, C. M. (2019) · doi:10.47749/t/unicamp.2019.1157551

Using HD-EMG to Assess Motor Units in Vastus Lateralis with the Lokomat: A Pilot Study with Healthy and Stroke IndividualsPreprint

Corvini, G., Lorusso, M., Tagliamonte, N. L., Masciullo, M., Molinari, M., Scivoletto, G., Tamburella, F., & Moreno, J. C. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3692008/v1

Decomposition of HDsEMG Signals Recorded from a Forearm Extensor Muscle Based on Blind Source Separation

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Effects of repetition of a car-driving pedal maneuver and neural output in older adults

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I-Spin live: An open-source software based on blind-source separation for real-time decoding of motor unit activity in humansPreprint

Rossato, J., Hug, F., Tucker, K. J., Gibbs, C., Lacourpaille, L., Farina, D., & Avrillon, S. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.88670.2

Myoelectric Fatigue and Motor-Unit Firing Patterns During Sinusoidal Vibration Superimposed on Low-Intensity Isometric Contraction

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Unaltered Responses of Distal Motor Neurons to Non-Targeted Thoracic Spinal Cord Stimulation in Chronic Pain Patients

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Personalized mapping of inhibitory spinal cord circuits in vivo via non-invasive neural decoding and in silico modellingPreprint

Valdunciel, A. P., Cónsul, N. T., Brownstone, R. M., Beato, M., Farina, D., Nascimento, F., & Özyurt, M. G. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.03.25.645235

Modulation of motor unit recruitment threshold and common synaptic inputs in triceps surae muscles: effects of ankle position

Yu, X. S., Levine, J. T., & Pons, J. L. (2025) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00029.2025

Effects of Aging on Motor Unit Properties in Isometric Elbow Flexion

Qiu, F., Liu, X., & Chen, C. (2025) · Bioengineering · doi:10.3390/bioengineering12080869

Association between correlated effective neural drive and electromechanical fluctuations during co-contraction: insights from MU discharges and interference EMG

Samoto, M., Shinohara, M., Watanabe, K., & Yoshitake, Y. (2025) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00598.2024

Effects of quercetin ingestion on neuromuscular system following single session of resistance exercise at differing intensities in older adults

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TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY OF MOTOR UNIT FIRING BEHAVIOR DURING MAXIMAL GRIP STRENGTH ASSESSMENTS AMONG OLDER ADULTSPreprint

Beausejour, J. P., Henderson, M., Acevedo, A., Bettini, N., Cabrera, V. C., Knowles, K. S., Chaput, M., Norte, G. E., Kline, J. C., & Stock, M. S. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.10.12.25337781

Using HD-EMG to Assess Motor Units in Vastus Lateralis With the Lokomat: A Pilot Study With Young, Elderly and Individuals Post-Stroke

Corvini, G., Lorusso, M., Tagliamonte, N. L., Masciullo, M., Molinari, M., Scivoletto, G., Tamburella, F., & Moreno, J. C. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics · doi:10.1109/tmrb.2025.3625050

Comparison of Propagation and Activation Characteristics of Motor Units Decomposed from Wrist and Forearm Surface Electromyography Signals

Tian, L., & Chen, C. (2025) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-2095-4_31

Benchmarking sEMG Decomposition: A Comprehensive Assessment of KmCKC and SL Across Synchrony, Duration, MVC, and Firing Rate

Ning, Y., Han, Z., Liu, M., He, J., Liu, H., Huang, W., Li, C., Fang, Y., & Sun, Y. (2025) · Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering · doi:10.1007/s40846-025-00996-7

Changes in motor unit conduction velocity after unilateral lower‐limb suspension and active recovery are correlated with muscle ion channel gene expression

Valli, G., Sarto, F., Negro, F., Monti, E., Sirago, G., Paganini, M., Zampieri, S., Franchi, M. V., Casolo, A., Candia, J., et al. (2025) · Experimental Physiology · doi:10.1113/ep093065

Motor unit rate coding in intrinsic hand muscles during isolated finger contractions and pinch taskPreprint

Hu, N., Cabral, H. V., Pourreza, E., Inglis, J. G., Desmons, M., & Negro, F. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2025.12.19.695509

Isometric handgrip contraction increases tibialis anterior intrinsic motoneuron excitability in a dose‐dependent manner

Ugliara, L., Orssatto, L. B. R., Vieira, A., & Trajano, G. S. (2026) · Experimental Physiology · doi:10.1113/ep092961

Impact of reconstruction and special iterative algorithm on Non-Stationary sEMG decomposition

Ning, Y., Liu, H., Huang, W., Li, C., He, J., Fang, Y., & Tan, P. (2026) · Biomedical Signal Processing and Control · doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2026.109887

Hochauflösende Oberflächen-Elektromyografie als neues Diagnosewerkzeug in der klinischen Neurophysiologie?!

Bubeck, F., Kleiser, B., Gizzi, L., Röhrle, O., & Klotz, T. (2026) · Klinische Neurophysiologie · doi:10.1055/a-2784-7172

Effect of motor imagery training of dorsiflexor muscles on motor unit behavior

Maléjac, V., Lapole, T., Bertrand, M. F., Amiez, N., Rienzo, F. D., Guillot, A., & Rozand, V. (2026) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116148

Rekonstrukcija mišične strukture motoričnih enot iz signalov HD-sEMG z uporabo globokih konvolucijskih nevronskih mrež

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In vivo motor unit decoding and in vitro cellular characterisation of spinal circuits for urination in adult micePreprint

Özyurt, M. G., Nascimento, F., Valdunciel, A. P., Dhillon, K., Bansal, V., Brownstone, R. M., & Beato, M. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.03.13.711618

A neuromechanical approach to the coordination between the human gastrocnemius medialis and gastrocnemius lateralis muscles

Hamard, R. (2023) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/4ea3b3ebz1dacz42e5zb789zfeea60186a21

Hybrid sEMG decomposition method integrating gradient convolution kernel compensation and correlation-constrained FastICA

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Reduction in Ia afferent input via ischaemia alters motor unit discharge characteristics and estimates of persistent inward currentsPreprint

Bonett, N., Valenčič, T., Connelly, C., Thomason, H., Pearcey, G. E. P., Piasecki, M., & Škarabot, J. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.05.01.722246

The neuromechanical delay of the vastii muscles lengthens during a voluntary isometric contraction to exhaustion

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The use of high-density surface electromyography in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a scoping review

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Structured modulations in high-density EMG patterns from a single muscle enable simultaneous control of natural and extra degrees of freedom

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A shifted action potential-based electromyography decomposition method for motor unit tracking

(6544), C. C., Yang, S., Zhou, Z., Li, D., & Zhu, X. (2026) · Biomedical Signal Processing and Control · doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2026.110748

Unilateral resistance training induces greater rate coding adaptations in high-threshold motor units during maximal voluntary contractionsPreprint

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