Biomechanical analysis using Kinovea for sports application
Open accessAbstract
This paper assesses the reliability of HD VideoCam–Kinovea as an alternative tool in conducting motion analysis and measuring knee relative angle of drop jump movement. The motion capture and analysis procedure were conducted in the Biomechanics Lab, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Omiya Campus, Japan. A healthy subject without any gait disorder (BMI of 28.60 ± 1.40) was recruited. The volunteered subject was asked to per the drop jump movement on preset platform and the motion was simultaneously recorded using an established infrared motion capture system (Hawk–Cortex) and a HD VideoCam in the sagittal plane only. The capture was repeated for 5 times. The outputs (video recordings) from the HD VideoCam were input into Kinovea (an open-source software) and the drop jump pattern was tracked and analysed. These data are compared with the drop jump pattern tracked and analysed earlier using the Hawk–Cortex system. In general, the results obtained (drop jump pattern) using the HD VideoCam–Kinovea are close to the results obtained using the established motion capture system. Basic statistical analyses show that most average variances are less than 10%, thus proving the repeatability of the protocol and the reliability of the results. It can be concluded that the integration of HD VideoCam–Kinovea has the potential to become a reliable motion capture–analysis system. Moreover, it is low cost, portable and easy to use. As a conclusion, the current study and its findings are found useful and has contributed to enhance significant knowledge pertaining to motion capture-analysis, drop jump movement and HD VideoCam–Kinovea integration.
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Kinovea relies on manual and semi-automated tracking, without deep learning-based pose estimation, which limits its capacity for fully automated and real-time movement quantification.
“However, its reliance on manual and semi-automated tracking, without deep learning-based pose estimation, limits its capacity for fully automated and real-time movement quantification [6].”
From PyBodyTrack: A python library for multi-algorithm motion quantification and tracking in videos (2025) · cites this paper as [6]
Section 2.4 (page not provided) describes selecting recorded videos and locating five markers in Kinovea, after which Kinovea tracks their movement through the capture. This supports a manually initialized tracking workflow, but the paper does not address deep learning-based pose estimation or establish that this workflow limits fully automated or real-time quantification. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Research works printed but not linked: 13
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- S. Ramachandran and B. Pradhan, "Effects of short-term two weeks low intensity plyometrics combined with dynamic stretching training in improving vertical jump height and agility on trained basketball players," Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol., vol. 58, no. 2, 2014.
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- D. Winter, The Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Gait: Normal, Elderly and Pathological, vol. 2nd. 1991.
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- Mohd Nor Azmi Ab Patar, T. Komeda, C. Y. Low, and J. Mahmud, "System Integration and Control of Finger Orthosis for Post Stroke Rehabilitation," Procedia Technol., vol. 15, pp. 756-765, 2014.
- J. Mahmud, C. A. Holt, and S. L. Evans, "An innovative application of a small-scale motion analysis technique to quantify human skin deformation in vivo," J. Biomech., vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 1002-1006, 2010.
- G. Mustapha, M. F. Abd Razak, M. S. Mohd Hamzah, N. H. Mohd Yahya, and J. Mahmud, "The Development Of A Low Cost Motion Analysis System: Cekak Visual 3D v1.0," Int. J. GEOMATE, vol. 11, no. 24, pp. 2248-2252, 2016.
- K. M. S. T. Yusuf, A. F. Ahmad Nazri, G. Mustapha, and J. Mahmud, "Analysis of static and dynamic motion accuracy for kinect-virtual Sensei system," ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci., vol. 10, no. 17, pp. 7328-7335, 2015.
- M. N. A. A. Patar, T. Komeda, L. C. Yee, and J. Mahmud, "Model-based systems engineering of a hand rehabilitation device," J. Teknol., vol. 76, no. 4, pp. 101-106, 2015.
- M. N. A. Ab Patar, A. F. Said, J. Mahmud, A. Majeed, and M. A. Razman, "System Integration and Control of Dynamic Ankle Foot Orthosis for Lower Limb Rehabilitation," 2014 1st Int. Symp. Technol. Manag. Emerg. Technol. (Istmet 2014), pp. 82-85, 2014.
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- N. Amirah, H. Hisham, A. Faiz, A. Nazri, J. Madete, L. Herawati, and J. Mahmud, "Measuring Ankle Angle and Analysis of Walking Gait using Kinovea," Int. Med. Device Technol. Conf., pp. 247-250, 2017.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Shishov, N., Elabd, K., Komisar, V., Chong, H., & Robinovitch, S. N. (2021) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0258923 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Reliability and applicability of a low-cost, camera-based gait evaluation method for clinical use
Spanos, S., Kanellopoulos, A., Petropoulakos, K., Dimitriadis, Z., Siasios, I., & Poulis, I. (2023) · Expert Review of Medical Devices · doi:10.1080/17434440.2023.2171289 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
PyBodyTrack: A python library for multi-algorithm motion quantification and tracking in videos
Ruiz-Zafra, A., Pigueiras-del-Real, J., Heredia-Jimenez, J., Shah, S. T. H., Shah, S. A. H., & Gontard, L. C. (2025) · SoftwareX · doi:10.1016/j.softx.2025.102272 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Nor Adnan, N. M., Ab Patar, M. N. A., Lee, H., Yamamoto, S.-I., Jong-Young, L., & Mahmud, J.
- Affiliations
- Shibaura Institute of Technology (JP)
- Universiti Teknologi MARA System (MY)
- ORCID
- Mahmud, Jamaluddin
- Venue
- IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2018-04
- Volume
- 342
- Pages
- 012097
- ISSN
- 1757-8981 (ISSN-L)
- 1757-899X
- OpenAlex
- W2795951527
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 14.80
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Universiti Teknologi MARA
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques
- Keywords
- video-based motion capture, Kinovea, drop jump, knee joint angle, reliability statistics, low-cost motion analysis, sports biomechanics, sagittal plane kinematics
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