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Cited by 266

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WHAT DETERMINES THE DENSITY STRUCTURE OF MOLECULAR CLOUDS? A CASE STUDY OF ORION B WITH HERSCHEL

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Schneider, N., André, Ph., Könyves, V., Bontemps, S., Motte, F., Federrath, C., Ward-Thompson, D., Arzoumanian, D., Benedettini, M., Bressert, E., Didelon, P., Di Francesco, J., Griffin, M., Hennemann, M., Hill, T., Palmeirim, P., Pezzuto, S., Peretto, N., Roy, A., Rygl, K. L. J., Spinoglio, L., White, G.·2013·The Astrophysical Journal

Abstract

A key parameter to the description of all star formation processes is the density structure of the gas. In this Letter, we make use of probability distribution functions (PDFs) of Herschel column density maps of Orion B, Aquila, and Polaris, obtained with the Herschel Gould Belt survey (HGBS). We aim to understand which physical processes influence the PDF shape, and with which signatures. The PDFs of Orion B (Aquila) show a lognormal distribution for low column densities until A V ∼ 3 (6), and a power-law tail for high column densities, consistent with a ρ∝ r −2 profile for the equivalent spherical density distribution. The PDF of Orion B is broadened by external compression due to the nearby OB stellar aggregates. The PDF of a quiescent subregion of the non-star-forming Polaris cloud is nearly lognormal, indicating that supersonic turbulence governs the density distribution. But we also observe a deviation from the lognormal shape at A V > 1 for a subregion in Polaris that includes a prominent filament. We conclude that (1) the point where the PDF deviates from the lognormal form does not trace a universal A V -threshold for star formation, (2) statistical density fluctuations, intermittency, and magnetic fields can cause excess from the lognormal PDF at an early cloud formation stage, (3) core formation and/or global collapse of filaments and a non-isothermal gas distribution lead to a power-law tail, and (4) external compression broadens the column density PDF, consistent with numerical simulations.

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Metadata

Authors
Schneider, N., André, P., Könyves, V., Bontemps, S., Motte, F., Federrath, C., Ward-Thompson, D., Arzoumanian, D., Benedettini, M., Bressert, E., Didelon, P., Di Francesco, J., Griffin, M., Hennemann, M., Hill, T., Palmeirim, P., Pezzuto, S., Peretto, N., Roy, A., Rygl, K. L. J., Spinoglio, L., & White, G.
Venue
The Astrophysical Journal
Published
2013-03-13
Volume
766
Issue
2
Pages
L17
ISSN
  • 2041-8205 (ISSN-L)
  • 2041-8213
OpenAlex
W2163780962
Cited by
266
References
28
FWCI
19.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: WHAT DETERMINES THE DENSITY STRUCTURE OF MOLECULAR CLOUDS? A CASE STUDY OF ORION B WITH HERSCHEL. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1088/2041-8205/766/2/l17
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Schneider, N., André, P., Könyves, V., Bontemps, S., Motte, F., Federrath, C., Ward-Thompson, D., Arzoumanian, D., Benedettini, M., Bressert, E., Didelon, P., Di Francesco, J., Griffin, M., Hennemann, M., Hill, T., Palmeirim, P., Pezzuto, S., Peretto, N., Roy, A., . . . White, G. (2013). WHAT DETERMINES THE DENSITY STRUCTURE OF MOLECULAR CLOUDS? A CASE STUDY OF ORION B WITH HERSCHEL. The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/766/2/l17

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

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