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Social Support Protects against the Negative Effects of Partner Violence on Mental Health
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Social support for abused women may reduce the impact of abuse on mental health, yet few studies have addressed this issue. We wish to determine associations between intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health outcomes and to assess the protective role of abuse disclosure and support on mental health among abused women. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted of 1152 women, ages 18-65, recruited from family practice clinics from 1997 through 1999. They were screened for IPV during a brief in-clinic interview, and physical and mental health status was assessed in a follow-up interview. RESULTS: IPV, defined as sexual, physical, or psychological abuse, was associated with poor perceived mental and physical health, substance abuse, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), current depression, anxiety, and suicide ideation/actions. Among women experiencing IPV and controlling for IPV frequency, higher social support scores were associated with a significantly reduced risk of poor perceived mental health (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 0.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.3, 0.6) and physical health (aRR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5, 0.8), anxiety (aRR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2, 0.4), current depression (aRR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5, 0.8), PTSD symptoms (aRR 0.5, 95% CI 0.4, 0.8), and suicide attempts (aRR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4, 0.9). CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare providers can be instrumental in identifying IPV and helping women develop skills, resources, and support networks to address IPV. Physicians, family, or friends may provide needed social support.
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“Finally, thirteen studies found a significant association between psychological violence and anxiety [13, 38, 40, 49, 59, 63, 65, 68, 78, 80–83], while three studies found an insignificant association [61, 76, 84].”
From The psychological subtype of intimate partner violence and its effect on mental health: a systematic review with meta-analyses (2022) · cites this paper as [49]
In the citing paper
“Another 37 studies examined the association between psychological violence and depression; twenty-nine of the identified studies found a significant association [13, 34, 35, 39, 42, 45–47, 49, 53–73], while five studies found a non-significant association [50, 74–77].”
From The psychological subtype of intimate partner violence and its effect on mental health: a systematic review with meta-analyses (2022) · cites this paper as [49]
In the citing paper
“Mothers experiencing DV have a reduced risk of poor mental health if they have strong social supportincluding support from family members (Coker et al., 2002), and there is also evidence that closeness to a grandparent, which this variable may indirectly measure, may moderate the effect of adverse life events on adolescent psychopathology (Flouri et al., 2010).”
From Risk and protective factors for children's psychopathology in the context of domestic violence – A study using nationally representative longitudinal survey data (2023) · cites this paper as Coker et al., 2002
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Metadata
- Authors
- Coker, A. L., Smith, P. H., Thompson, M. P., McKeown, R. E., Bethea, L., & Davis, K. E.
- Affiliations
- University of South Carolina (US)
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro (US)
- Clemson University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Women's Health & Gender-Based Medicine
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2002-06
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 465-476
- ISSN
- 1524-6094 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1990857078
- Cited by
- 669
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 15.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Women s Health & Gender-Based Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UKnowledge (University of Kentucky) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (R49 CCR412752)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Elder Abuse and Neglect
- Keywords
- intimate partner violence, social support, mental health, battered women, disclosure of abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, substance abuse, physical health, protective factors, family practice clinics
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Collection, Female, Humans, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Social Support, Spouse Abuse, Prevalence, Confidence Intervals, Age Distribution, Risk Assessment
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