The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Mitophagy Is Required for Acute Cardioprotection by Simvastatin
Open accessAbstract
AIMS: We have shown that autophagy and mitophagy are required for preconditioning. While statin's cardioprotective effects are well known, the role of autophagy/mitophagy in statin-mediated cardioprotection is not. In this study, we used HL-1 cardiomyocytes and mice subjected to ischemia/reperfusion to elucidate the mechanism of statin-mediated cardioprotection. RESULTS: HL-1 cardiomyocytes exposed to simvastatin for 24 h exhibited diminished protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, increased activation of unc-51-like kinase 1, and upregulation of autophagy and mitophagy. Similar findings were obtained in hearts of mice given simvastatin. Mevalonate abolished simvastatin's effects on Akt/mTOR signaling and autophagy induction in HL-1 cells, indicating that the effects are mediated through inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. Simvastatin-treated HL-1 cells exhibited mitochondrial translocation of Parkin and p62/SQSTM1, fission, and mitophagy. Because Parkin is required for mitophagy and is expressed in heart, we investigated the effect of simvastatin on infarct size in Parkin knockout mice. Simvastatin reduced infarct size in wild-type mice but showed no benefit in Parkin knockout mice. Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase limits mevalonate availability for both cholesterol and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) biosynthesis. CoQ supplementation had no effect on statin-induced Akt/mTOR dephosphorylation or macroautophagy in HL-1 cells, but it potently blocked mitophagy. Importantly, CoQ supplementation abolished statin-mediated cardioprotection in vivo. INNOVATION AND CONCLUSION: Acute simvastatin treatment suppresses mTOR signaling and triggers Parkin-dependent mitophagy, the latter which is required for cardioprotection. Coadministration of CoQ with simvastatin impairs mitophagy and cardioprotection. These results raise the concern that CoQ may interfere with anti-ischemic benefits of statins mediated through stimulation of mitophagy.
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Citations
Cites
AMPK and mTOR regulate autophagy through direct phosphorylation of Ulk1
Kim, J., Kundu, M., Viollet, B., & Guan, K.-L. (2011) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb2152 · Cited by 7,227
Parkin is recruited selectively to impaired mitochondria and promotes their autophagy
Narendra, D., Tanaka, A., Suen, D.-F., & Youle, R. J. (2008) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200809125 · Cited by 4,026
PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is dependent on VDAC1 and p62/SQSTM1
Geisler, S., Holmström, K. M., Skujat, D., Fiesel, F. C., Rothfuss, O. C., Kahle, P. J., & Springer, W. (2010) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb2012 · Cited by 2,835
Reactive oxygen species are essential for autophagy and specifically regulate the activity of Atg4
Scherz‐Shouval, R., Shvets, E., Fass, E., Shorer, H., Gil, L., & Elazar, Z. (2007) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601623 · Cited by 2,101 · cited 1×
“Localized ROS prevents Atg4-mediated cleavage of CoQ from internal membranes, thus facilitating formation of autophagosomes at the site of ROS-generating structures (such as mitochondria) (51).”
Proteasome and p97 mediate mitophagy and degradation of mitofusins induced by Parkin
Tanaka, A., Cleland, M. M., Xu, S., Narendra, D. P., Suen, D.-F., Karbowski, M., & Youle, R. J. (2010) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.201007013 · Cited by 1,369 · cited 1×
“Parkin translocation to the mitochondria results in ubiquitination of mitochondrial target proteins, such as mitofusins, leading to increased fragmentation of the mitochondria (52).”
Mitochondrial DNA that escapes from autophagy causes inflammation and heart failure
Oka, T., Hikoso, S., Yamaguchi, O., Taneike, M., Takeda, T., Tamai, T., Oyabu, J., Murakawa, T., Nakayama, H., Nishida, K., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10992 · Cited by 1,201
Kubli, D. A., Zhang, X., Lee, Y., Hanna, R. A., Quinsay, M. N., Nguyen, C. K., Jimenez, R., Petrosyan, S., Murphy, A. N., & Gustafsson, Å. B. (2013) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m112.411363 · Cited by 476
Kwak, H.-B., Thalacker-Mercer, A., Anderson, E. J., Lin, C.-T., Kane, D. A., Lee, N.-S., Cortright, R. N., Bamman, M. M., & Neufer, P. D. (2012) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.10.449 · Cited by 114
Cited by
Autophagy and mitophagy in cardiovascular disease
Bravo-San Pedro, J. M., Kroemer, G., & Galluzzi, L. (2017) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.117.311082 · Cited by 843
Kalogeris, T., Baines, C. P., Krenz, M., & Korthuis, R. J. (2016) · Comprehensive Physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c160006 · Cited by 718
The Role of Autophagy in the Heart
Sciarretta, S., Maejima, Y., Zablocki, D., & Sadoshima, J. (2018) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021317-121427 · Cited by 547
Mitophagy: An Emerging Role in Aging and Age-Associated Diseases
Chen, G., Kroemer, G., & Kepp, O. (2020) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.00200 · Cited by 359
Mechanisms of mitophagy: PINK1, Parkin, USP30 and beyond
Bingol, B., & Sheng, M. (2016) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.04.015 · Cited by 334
Metadata
- Authors
- Andres, A. M., Hernandez, G., Lee, P., Huang, C., Ratliff, E. P., Sin, J., Thornton, C. A., Damasco, M. V., & Gottlieb, R. A.
- Venue
- Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2014-11-10
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 1960-1973
- ISSN
- 1523-0864 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-7716
- OpenAlex
- W1966861594
- Cited by
- 190
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 10.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
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