The DOI matches its Crossref record; 60 of the 60 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Resolution of Depression and Grief during the First Year after Miscarriage: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Couples-Focused Interventions
Open accessAbstract
AIMS: The purpose of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to examine the effects of three couples-focused interventions and a control condition on women and men's resolution of depression and grief during the first year after miscarriage. METHODS: Three hundred forty-one couples were randomly assigned to nurse caring (NC) (three counseling sessions), self-caring (SC) (three video and workbook modules), combined caring (CC) (one counseling session plus three SC modules), or control (no treatment). Interventions, based on Swanson's Caring Theory and Meaning of Miscarriage Model, were offered 1, 5, and 11 weeks after enrollment. Outcomes included depression (CES-D) and grief, pure grief (PG) and grief-related emotions (GRE). Differences in rates of recovery were estimated via multilevel modeling conducted in a Bayesian framework. RESULTS: Bayesian odds (BO) ranging from 3.0 to 7.9 favored NC over all other conditions for accelerating women's resolution of depression. BO of 3.2-6.6 favored NC and no treatment over SC and CC for resolving men's depression. BO of 3.1-7.0 favored all three interventions over no treatment for accelerating women's PG resolution, and BO of 18.7-22.6 favored NC and CC over SC or no treatment for resolving men's PG. BO ranging from 2.4 to 6.1 favored NC and SC over CC or no treatment for hastening women's resolution of GRE. BO from 3.5 to 17.9 favored NC, CC, and control over SC for resolving men's GRE. CONCLUSIONS: NC had the overall broadest positive impact on couples' resolution of grief and depression. In addition, grief resolution (PG and GRE) was accelerated by SC for women and CC for men.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Two studies also acknowledged potential conflicts of interest relating to the first author being the developer of the intervention under investigation [63], and another employed by the bereavement service being evaluated [92].”
From Men’s grief following pregnancy loss and neonatal loss: a systematic review and emerging theoretical model (2020) · cites this paper as [63]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Swanson and colleagues evaluated a couple-focused intervention in a randomized controlled trial and found a beneficial impact on grief resolution.66”
From Complicated grief after perinatal loss (2012) · cites this paper as [66]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Muller, K. E., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270020 · Cited by 99,603
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267
Kass, R. E., & Raftery, A. E. (1995) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1995.10476572 · Cited by 12,558
Practical Statistics for Medical Research
Altman, D. G. (1990) · doi:10.1201/9780429258589 · Cited by 10,668
National Vital Statistics Reports
Salkind, N. J. (2005) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412952484.n432 · Cited by 2,941
Empirical Development Of a Middle Range Theory of Caring
Swanson, K. M. (1991) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/00006199-199105000-00008 · Cited by 635
Self-citationA multivariate hierarchical model for studying psychological change within married couples.
Raudenbush, S. W., Brennan, R. T., & Barnett, R. C. (1995) · Journal of Family Psychology · doi:10.1037/0893-3200.9.2.161 · Cited by 534
Nursing as Informed Caring for the Well‐Being of Others
Swanson, K. M. (1993) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00271.x · Cited by 449
Self-citationAn Introduction to Medical Statistics
Greenwood, M. H. (1932) · Nature · doi:10.1038/129188a0 · Cited by 392
Psychological morbidity following miscarriage
Lok, I. H., & Neugebauer, R. (2007) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2006.11.007 · Cited by 302
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 12
- Neugebauer R, 2005, Int J Childbirth Educ, 20, 21
- Thapar AK, 1992, Br J Gen Pract, 42, 94
- Garel M, 1993, Am J Obstet Gynecol, 168, 1005
- Speraw SR, 1991, The relationship between marital adjustment, self-disclosure and intimacy and the accuracy of couples' perceptions of each other's grieving following a miscarriage [Dissertation]
- Speraw SR, 1994, J Perinatol, 14, 208
- Miron J, 1994, Can J Nurs Res, 26, 61
- Fisher KA, 2001, Miscarriage: A phenomenological approach to the father's experience [Dissertation]
- Adolfsson A, 2006, Obstet Gynecol, 85, 330
- Swanson-Kauffman KM, 1983, The unborn one: A profile of the human experience of miscarriage [Dissertation]
- 53. Institute of Medicine. Revisiting home visiting: Summary of a workshop. Margie NG, Phillips DA, eds. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1999:7–10.
- Jeffreys H, 1961, Theory of probability
- Wong MK, 2003, Br J Gen Pract, 53, 697
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–130 of 130
Spezifische Todesumstände und Trauergruppen
Wagner, B. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-37359-6_3 · Cited by 1
Tasked for Compassion: Initiating Reproductive Grief Care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Grauerholz, K. R. (2022) · Newborn · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-11002-0026 · Cited by 1
The Meaning of Miscarriage: Measurement, Reproductive Factors, and Trajectories in Couple Dyads
Huffman, C. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/k364-dy48
The prevalence of abnormal mammograms in ovum recipients does not correlate with recipient age
Yerkes, S. E., Rodriguez-Purata, J., Lee, J. A., Whitehouse, M. C., Daneyko, M. M., Sandler, B., & Copperman, A. B. (2015) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.097
Treppesch, K. I., Beyer, R., Geissner, E., & Rauchfuß, M. (2014) · Woman - Psychosomatic Gynaecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1016/j.woman.2014.12.001
The impact of infertility, age, and mental health on recovery from miscarriage: a Bayesian approach
Huffman, C., & Swanson, K. M. (2015) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.096
Self-citationLopez, L. M., Ankum, W. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bindels, P., Vos, J., Biewenga, P., & Palihawadana, T. S. (2012)
Volsch, J. (2015) · The Scholars Repository - LLU (Loma Linda University)
The Miscarriage Circle of Care: Towards Leveraging eHealth for Social SupportPreprint
Alqassim, M. Y., Kresnye, K. C., Siek, K. A., Lee, J. R., & Wolters, M. K. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-564669/v1
Additional considerations in gynecologic care
Cowley, D. S., Burke, A., & Lentz, G. M. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-65399-2.00018-8 · Cited by 1
Emotional Aspects of Gynecology
Cowley, D., & Lentz, G. M. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-06986-1.00009-3
Primary care considerations of miscarriage management
Marks, S. (2016) · doi:10.24124/2016/1240
The psychoemotional impact of ectopic pregnancy – the experience of our clinic
Tetea, A.-A., Sima, R., Pomană, C.-D., Bobei, T.-I., Balasoiu, A. M., & Pleș, L. (2021) · Ginecologia ro · doi:10.26416/gine.31.1.2021.4330
Empathy in Psychotherapy for Pregnancy Loss
Markin, R. D. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197693353.003.0004
Managing Countertransference in Psychotherapy for Pregnancy Loss
Markin, R. D. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197693353.003.0007
Markin, R. D. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197693353.003.0001
Markin, R. D. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197693353.003.0009
Emotion in Psychotherapy for Pregnancy Loss
Markin, R. D. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197693353.003.0005
Markin, R. D. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197693353.002.0006
The Alliance in Individual and Couples Therapy for Pregnancy Loss
Markin, R. D. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197693353.003.0003
Alliance Rupture and Repair Episodes in Psychotherapy for Pregnancy Loss
Markin, R. D. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197693353.003.0006
Understanding and Treating Pregnancy Loss
Markin, R. D. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197693353.003.0002
Client Attachment in Therapy for Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Infertility
Markin, R. D. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197693353.003.0008
Markin, R. D. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197693353.003.0010
Markin, R. D. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197693353.002.0003
Lundqvist‐Jansson, C., Igiraneza, P., & Bazikamwe, S. (2024) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.15506
Kheirkhah, M., Kiani, Z., Kianimoghadam, A. S., Amanollahi, Z., Farshad, F., & Esfahan, M. M. (2024) · Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.32598/ijpcp.29.4.4131.2
Carrying Life While Carrying Loss: Grief, PTSD, and Depression in Subsequent Pregnancy
Van, P. (2025) · OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying · doi:10.1177/00302228251403752
Psychological Aspects of Infertility, Assisted Conception and Perinatal Loss
Healy, S., Vaillancourt, K., & Rosan, C. (2026) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781911623496.011
Metadata
- Authors
- Swanson, K. M., Chen, H.-T., Graham, J. C., Wojnar, D. M., & Petras, A.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Seattle University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Swanson, Kristen M.
- Venue
- Journal of Women's Health
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2009-08
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1245-1257
- ISSN
- 1059-7115 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9996
- 1931-843X
- PMC
- PMC2825726
- OpenAlex
- W2044645941
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 6.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Women s Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01nr005343-04)
- National Institute of Nursing Research (5 R01 NR005343)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Health and Technologies
- Keywords
- miscarriage, depression, grief, nurse caring, self-care, grief resolution, paternal depression, postpartum depression, couple therapy
- MeSH terms
- Abortion, Spontaneous, Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Combined Modality Therapy, Counseling, Depression, Female, Grief, Humans, Male, Patient Education as Topic, Pregnancy, Quality of Life, Research Design, United States, Comorbidity, Treatment Outcome, Spouses, Couples Therapy, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review