The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Development of a Porcine Bladder Acellular Matrix with Well-Preserved Extracellular Bioactive Factors for Tissue Engineering
Abstract
In this study, we compared four decellularization protocols and finally developed an optimized one through which a porcine bladder acellular matrix (BAM) with well-preserved extracellular bioactive factors had been prepared. In this protocol, the intact bladder was treated with trypsin/ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid to remove the urothelium, then with hypotonic buffer and Triton X-100 in hypertonic buffer to remove the membranous and cytoplasmic materials, and finally with nuclease to degrade the cellular nuclear components. Bladder distention and mechanical agitation were simultaneously used to facilitate cell removal. Meanwhile, several preservative techniques, including limitation of wash time, supplement with inhibitors of proteinase, control of the pH value and temperature of the wash buffer, ethylene oxide sterilization, and lyophilization of the scaffold for storage, were used to protect the extracellular bioactive factors. This decellularization protocol had completely removed the cellular materials and well preserved the extracellular collagen, sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), and bioactive factors. The preserved bioactive factors had a great potential of promoting the proliferation and migration of both human bladder smooth muscle cell and human umbilical vein endothelial cell. It was also found that the amount of two representative bioactive factors, platelet-derived growth factor BB and vascular endothelial growth factor, was positively correlated with the sulfated GAG content in the porcine BAM, implying that the amount of sulfated GAG might be a determinant for preservation of bioactive factors in the decellularized tissues. In conclusion, the porcine BAM with well-preserved extracellular bioactive factors might be a favorable scaffold for tissue engineering applications.
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“Initially used in decellularization for its efficacy in disrupting tissue ultrastructure and enhancing the penetration of other agents, trypsin may nevertheless impact ECM mechanics.”
From Bioactive scaffolds for tissue engineering: A review of decellularized extracellular matrix applications and innovations (2025) · cites this paper as [46]
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Reprint of: Extracellular matrix as a biological scaffold material: Structure and function
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Postupci obrade i pripreme životinjske izvanstanične matrice za primjenu u tkivnom inženjerstvu
Prebeg, T., Dolenec, T., Slivac, I., & Matijašić, G. (2023) · Hrvatski časopis za prehrambenu tehnologiju biotehnologiju i nutricionizam · doi:10.31895/hcptbn.18.3-4.3
Diaz, E. C. (2024) · Journal of Pediatric Urology · doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2024.07.020
Challenges of using tissue engineering methods in the treatment of hypospadias
Wilczek, P., Bociąga, D., Krakós, M., & Wierzbicka, A. (2025) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2025.1611508
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Novel and Experimental Therapies for Anal Fistula
Singh, P., Nguyen, M., Lin, M., & Raman, S. R. (2026) · Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery · doi:10.1055/a-2943-4396
Metadata
- Authors
- Yang, B., Zhang, Y., Zhou, L., Sun, Z., Zheng, J., Chen, Y., & Dai, Y.
- Affiliations
- Tongji University (CN)
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Dai, Yutian
- Venue
- Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2010-04-30
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1201-1211
- ISSN
- 1937-3384 (ISSN-L)
- 1937-3392
- OpenAlex
- W2133476128
- Cited by
- 206
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 11.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Tissue Engineering Part C Methods (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Keywords
- decellularization protocols, sulfated glycosaminoglycans, collagen preservation, PDGF-BB, vascular endothelial growth factor, endothelial cell proliferation and migration, freeze-drying, ethylene oxide sterilization, tissue engineering scaffolds
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Urinary Bladder, Cell Movement, DNA, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Glycosaminoglycans, Immunohistochemistry, Swine, Extracellular Matrix Proteins, Culture Media, Conditioned, Tissue Engineering, Cell Proliferation
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