Cited by 112Axon Guidance and Neuronal SignalingNeurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsSignaling Pathways in Disease

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Calcineurin is associated with the cytoskeleton of cultured neurons and has a role in the acquisition of polarity.

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Ferreira, A, Kincaid, R, Kosik, K S·1993·Molecular Biology of the Cell

DOI 10.1091/mbc.4.12.1225PMC PMC275760

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Abstract

Calcineurin is a calmodulin-dependent serine-threonine phosphatase found in many cell types but most abundant in neurons. To determine its localization in developing neurons, dissociated cultures from embryonic day 15 rat cerebellum were analyzed immunocytochemically after treatment with cytoskeletal-disrupting drugs. During the initial outgrowth of neurites, calcineurin is enriched in growth cones where its localization depends upon the integrity of both microtubules and actin filaments. Treatment with cytochalasin shifts calcineurin from the growth cone to the neurite shaft, and with nocadozole calcineurin translocates to the cell body. Therefore calcineurin is well positioned to mediate interactions between cytoskeletal systems during neurite elongation. By 14 d in culture, when the neurons have developed extensive neuronal contacts and synapses are present, calcineurin is predominantly in the neurite shaft. Incubation of cultured cells with Cyclosporin A or a specific peptide, both of which selectively inhibit calcineurin's phosphatase activity, prevented axonal elongation. Because the microtubule-associated protein tau appears to play a key role in asymmetric neurite elongation, we examined modifications in its phosphorylation state resulting from calcineurin inhibition. In contrast to the normal development of cerebellar macroneurons in which reactivity with the phosphorylation-dependent antibody, tau-1, progressively increases, there was a persistent inhibition of tau-1 reactivity in cells exposed to Cyclosporin A. These findings suggest a role for calcineurin in regulating tau phosphorylation and possibly modulating other steps required for the determination of polarity.

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Calcineurin
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Authors: Ferreira, A., Kincaid, R., & Kosik, K. S.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
ORCID: Ferreira, A
Kosik, K S
Venue: Molecular Biology of the Cell
Publisher: American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB)
Published: 1993-12
Volume: 4
Issue: 12
Pages: 1225-1238
ISSN: 1059-1524 (ISSN-L)
1939-4586
DOI: 10.1091/mbc.4.12.1225
PMC: PMC275760
OpenAlex: W2092619158
Cited by: 110
References: 74
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 3.01
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Molecular Biology of the Cell (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01ag006601-13, 5r01ns029031-09)
National Institute on Aging (AG 06601)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS29031)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Signaling Pathways in Disease
Keywords: calcineurin, neuronal polarity, neurite outgrowth, growth cones, microtubules, F-actin, tau phosphorylation, cyclosporine, cerebellar neurons, axon elongation
MeSH terms: Animals, Calmodulin-Binding Proteins, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Cerebellum, Cytoskeleton, Actin Cytoskeleton, Microtubules, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neurons, Phosphoprotein Phosphatases, Phosphorylation, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Cytochalasin D, Nocodazole, Neurites, Cyclosporine, Cell Polarity, tau Proteins, Calcineurin, Rats

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Calcineurin is associated with the cytoskeleton of cultured neurons and has a role in the acquisition of polarity.

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