The DOI matches its Crossref record; 61 of the 62 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Social Isolation, Loneliness, and Health Behaviors at Older Ages: Longitudinal Cohort Study
Open accessAbstract
Background: The prospective associations between social isolation, loneliness, and health behaviors are uncertain, despite the potential importance of these relationships over time for outcomes including mortality. Purpose: To examine the associations between baseline social isolation, baseline loneliness, and engagement in health behaviors over 10 years among older adults. Methods: Data were from 3,392 men and women aged ≥52 years in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing from 2004/2005 to 2014/2015. Modified Poisson regression was specified to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals for the associations between baseline social isolation, baseline loneliness, and consistent weekly moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, consistent five daily fruit and vegetable servings, daily alcohol drinking at any time point, smoking at any time point, and a consistently overweight/obese body mass index over the follow-up (all yes vs. no). Models were population weighted and adjusted for sociodemographic factors, health indicators, and depressive symptoms, with mutual adjustment for social isolation and loneliness. Results: Socially isolated participants were less likely than non-isolated participants to consistently report weekly moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (RR = 0.86; 0.77-0.97) or five daily fruit and vegetable servings (RR = 0.81; 0.63-1.04). They were less likely to be consistently overweight or obese (RR = 0.86; 0.77-0.97) and more likely to smoke at any time point (RR = 1.46; 1.17-1.82). Loneliness was not associated with health behaviors or body mass index in adjusted models. Among smokers, loneliness was negatively associated with successful smoking cessation over the follow-up (RR = 0.31; 0.11-0.90). Conclusions: Social isolation was associated with a range of health-related behaviors, and loneliness was associated with smoking cessation over a 10 year follow-up in older English adults.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Moreover, both social isolation and loneliness have been shown to be related to negative health-related behaviors, such as reduced physical activity and smoking [24,27–29]”
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“To allow a sufficient sample size in each of the four groups, individuals with scores 2 or more were classified as socially isolated and those with 0 or 1 as not socially isolated, similar to previous research [20,27,54].”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice
(1992) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-116-4-350_1 · Cited by 13,232
A Modified Poisson Regression Approach to Prospective Studies with Binary Data
Zou, G. (2004) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwh090 · Cited by 9,920
Loneliness and Social Isolation as Risk Factors for Mortality: A Meta-Analytic Review
Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., Baker, M., Harris, T., & Stephenson, D. (2015) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691614568352 · Cited by 6,043
UCLA loneliness scale (version 3): reliability, validity, and factor structure
Russell, D. W. (1996) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2 · Cited by 5,800
BERKMAN, L. F., & SYME, S. L. (1979) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112674 · Cited by 5,341
The Spread of Obesity in a Large Social Network over 32 Years
Christakis, N. A., & Fowler, J. H. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa066082 · Cited by 5,007
From social integration to health: durkheim in the new millennium
Berkman, L. F., Glass, T., Brissette, I., & Seeman, T. E. (2000) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(00)00065-4 · Cited by 4,821
Loneliness matters: a theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms
Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2010) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-010-9210-8 · Cited by 4,782
Social isolation, loneliness, and all-cause mortality in older men and women
Steptoe, A., Shankar, A., Demakakos, P., & Wardle, J. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1219686110 · Cited by 2,503
Self-citationThe collective dynamics of smoking in a large social network
Christakis, N. A., & Fowler, J. H. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa0706154 · Cited by 2,390
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 62 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Heaney, 2008, Social networks and social support, 189
- World Health Organization, 2010, Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health
- Littleford, 2016, Methodology, 141
- Chaudhury, 2009, Accelerometry in adults, 59
- Fat, 2013, Adult cigarette smoking, 1
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Loneliness and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Hwang, T.-J., Rabheru, K., Peisah, C., Reichman, W., & Ikeda, M. (2020) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610220000988 · Cited by 1,044
Physical Activity Change during COVID-19 Confinement
Castañeda-Babarro, A., Etxarri, A. A., Gutiérrez-Santamaría, B., & Coca, A. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17186878 · Cited by 594
Wang, F., Gao, Y., Han, Z., Yu, Y., Long, Z., Jiang, X., Wu, Y., Pei, B., Cao, Y., Ye, J., et al. (2023) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-023-01617-6 · Cited by 507
Schrempft, S., Jackowska, M., Hamer, M., & Steptoe, A. (2019) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6424-y · Cited by 557
Self-citationSu, Y., Rao, W., Li, M., Caron, G., D’Arcy, C., & Meng, X. (2022) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610222000199 · Cited by 283
Metadata
- Authors
- Kobayashi, L. C., & Steptoe, A.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Steptoe, Andrew
- Venue
- Annals of Behavioral Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2018-01-25
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 582-593
- ISSN
- 0742-5554 (ISSN-L)
- 0883-6612
- 1532-4796
- PMC
- PMC6377432
- OpenAlex
- W2793714205
- Cited by
- 351
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 27.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annals of Behavioral Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (2RO1AG7644-01A1, 2RO1AG017644)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- social isolation, loneliness, health behavior, older adults, physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, alcohol consumption, smoking, smoking cessation, overweight and obesity, English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
- MeSH terms
- Diet, Healthy, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcohol Drinking, Female, Humans, Loneliness, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Risk, Sex Factors, Social Isolation, Health Behavior, Exercise, Body Mass Index, Poisson Distribution, Marital Status
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
