Cited by 21,496Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic VariationWittgensteinian philosophy and applicationsEpistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

How To Do Things With Words

Open access

Austin, J.L.·1975·Routledge eBooks

DOI 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198245537.001.0001

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This work sets out the author's conclusions in the field to which he directed his main efforts for at least the last ten years of his life. Starting from an examination of his already well-known distinction between performative utterances and statements, he finally abandons that distinction, replacing it with a more general theory of ‘illocutionary forces’ of utterances, which has important bearings on a wide variety of philosophical problems.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198245537.001.0001

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Sorted by citations

Items 2,701–2,800 of 21,466

Lessons from a Martial Arts Dojo: A Prolonged Process Model of High-Context Communication
Cole, B. M. (2013) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2012.0986 · Cited by 40
Never let an academic crisis go to waste: Leadership Studies in the wake of journal retractions
Spoelstra, S., Butler, N., & Delaney, H. (2016) · Leadership · doi:10.1177/1742715016658215 · Cited by 41
A Midsummer Night’s Coup: Performance and Power in Turkey’s July 15 Coup Attempt
Altınordu, A. (2017) · Qualitative Sociology · doi:10.1007/s11133-017-9354-y · Cited by 43
Uses of the Past: History as a Resource for the Present
Laurent, C. D. S., & Obradović, S. (2018) · Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s12124-018-9463-5 · Cited by 43
Ethics, self-knowledge, and life taken as a whole
Das, V. (2018) · Hau Journal of Ethnographic Theory · doi:10.1086/701379 · Cited by 37
An Analysis of Speech Act Used in London Has Fallen Movie
Tutuarima, Z., Nuraeningsih, N., & Rusiana, R. (2018) · Vision Journal for Language and Foreign Language Learning · doi:10.21580/vjv7i23022 · Cited by 37
By the Mitigation One Knows the Doctor: Mitigation Strategies by Chinese Doctors in Online Medical Consultation
Mao, Y., & Zhao, X. Y. (2019) · Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10410236.2019.1582312 · Cited by 37
Performative State-Formation in the Early American Republic
Reed, I. A. (2019) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/0003122419831228 · Cited by 40
“…is compelling and convincing, to certain audiences, in its execution of violence on certain targets, then it achieves a certain felicity condition (Austin 1975; Goffman 1983; Wagner-Pacifici 2017), helping make the state into an arbiter of social reality and an entity that ori-ents the actions of…”
Reassembling Energy Policy
Aykut, S. C. (2019) · Science & Technology Studies · doi:10.23987/sts.65324 · Cited by 37
Futuramas of the present: the “driver problem” in the autonomous vehicle sociotechnical imaginary
Braun, R. L., & Randell, R. (2020) · Humanities and Social Sciences Communications · doi:10.1057/s41599-020-00655-z · Cited by 37
The Dynamics of Thought
Gärdenfors, P. (2005) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/1-4020-3399-0 · Cited by 41
The Sociology of the Economy
Dobbin, F. R. (2004) · Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) · Cited by 37
Speech act variation in British and American English
Creese, A. (1991) · ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania) · Cited by 37
Entrepreneurial identities and the problematic of subjectivity in media-mediated discourses
Iyer, R. (2009) · Discourse & Society · doi:10.1177/0957926508099004 · Cited by 37
The CartACom model: transforming cartographic features into communicating agents for cartographic generalisation
Duchêne, C., Ruas, A., & Cambier, C. (2012) · International Journal of Geographical Information Systems · doi:10.1080/13658816.2011.639302 · Cited by 37
Who Says What the Words Say?
Cornejo, C. (2004) · Theory & Psychology · doi:10.1177/0959354304040196 · Cited by 36
Interlanguage pragmatics with a pedagogical agent: the request game
Yang, H.-C., & Zapata‐Rivera, D. (2010) · Computer Assisted Language Learning · doi:10.1080/09588221.2010.520274 · Cited by 37
“According to Barron (2003), it involves the study of learner interpretation, use, and acquisition of language as action.”
Background
Visual Arguments in Film
Banegas, J. A. (2008) · Argumentation · doi:10.1007/s10503-008-9124-9 · Cited by 37
Making Turkey’s Transformation Possible: Claiming ‘Security‐ speak’—not Desecuritization!
Bilgin, P. (2007) · Journal of Southeast European and Black Sea Studies · doi:10.1080/14683850701726039 · Cited by 37
Logical dynamics of some speech acts that affect obligations and preferences
Yamada, T. (2008) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-008-9368-9 · Cited by 37
Diplomatic condolences: ideological positioning in the death of Yasser Arafat
Fenton-Smith, B. (2007) · Discourse & Society · doi:10.1177/0957926507082192 · Cited by 37
Sharedness and privateness in human early social life
Tirassa, M., Bosco, F. M., & Colle, L. (2006) · Cognitive Systems Research · doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2006.01.002 · Cited by 37
Commitments and Speech Acts
Harnish, R. M. (2005) · Philosophica · doi:10.21825/philosophica.82209 · Cited by 37
“You may think that; I couldn’t possibly comment!” Modality studies: Contemporary research and future directions. Part I
Hoye, L. F. (2005) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2005.01.004 · Cited by 37
Second Language Listening Expertise
Goh, C. C. M. (2005) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230523470_4 · Cited by 38
Mobilities and the network of personal technologies: Refining the understanding of mobility structure
Fortunati, L., & Taipale, S. (2016) · Telematics and Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.tele.2016.09.011 · Cited by 37
Approaches to design collaboration research
Cheng, N. Y.-W. (2003) · Automation in Construction · doi:10.1016/s0926-5805(03)00059-1 · Cited by 37
Extending the Operational Semantics of a BDI Agent-Oriented Programming Language for Introducing Speech-Act Based Communication
Moreira, Á., Vieira, R. L. R., & Bordini, R. H. (2004) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-25932-9_8 · Cited by 37
Multi-User and Security Support for Multi-Agent Systems.
Poggi, A., Rimassa, G., & Tomaiuolo, M. (2001) · Cited by 37
WHAT ASSERTION IS NOT
Stainton, R. J. (1996) · Philosophical Studies · doi:10.1023/a:1017922124403 · Cited by 37
Open standards for interoperating agent‐based systems
Dale, J., & Mamdani, E. H. (2001) · Software Focus · doi:10.1002/swf.18 · Cited by 37
Mind reading, pretence and imitation in monkeys and apes
Whiten, A. (1992) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00068187 · Cited by 38
A layered approach for modelling agent conversations
Nowostawski, M., Purvis, M., & Cranefield, S. (2001) · Otago University Research Archive (University of Otago) · Cited by 37
Responding in overlap: Agency, epistemicity and social action in conversation
Vatanen, A. (2014) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja · Cited by 37
Introduction to the Special Issue on Language in Social Media: Exploiting Discourse and Other Contextual Information
Benamara, F., Inkpen, D. Z., & Taboada, M. (2018) · Computational Linguistics · doi:10.1162/coli_a_00333 · Cited by 37
“Approaches like speech act theory (Austin 1962; Searle 1969) and convversational implicature (Grice 1975) make a clear distinction between what is said by an utterance and what is implicated or performed in a particular linguistic and social context or by saying something (Korta and Perry 2015).”
Background
The Blackwell Guide to Metaphysics
(2002) · Blackwell Publishing Ltd eBooks · doi:10.1111/b.9780631221210.2002.x · Cited by 37
The Concept of Performativity in Narratology
Berns, U. (2009) · European Journal of English Studies · doi:10.1080/13825570802708204 · Cited by 36
An experimental study of the classification and recognition of Chinese speech acts
Liu, S. (2010) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2010.10.031 · Cited by 36
Erzählungen im Feld der Politik, Politik durch Erzählungen. Überlegungen zur Rolle der Narrationen in den politischen Wissenschaften
Viehöver, W. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-02581-6_3 · Cited by 36
Scribes’ Voices: The Relevance and Types of Early Medieval Colophons
Schiegg, M. (2015) · Studia Neophilologica · doi:10.1080/00393274.2015.1101354 · Cited by 36
Living with Parasites in Palo Verde National Park
Kirksey, E. (2012) · Environmental Humanities · doi:10.1215/22011919-3609958 · Cited by 37
Bracketing off the actors: Towards an action-centric research agenda
Pentland, B. T., Pentland, A., & Calantone, R. J. (2017) · Information and Organization · doi:10.1016/j.infoandorg.2017.06.001 · Cited by 36
The particularity of the universal: critical reflections on Bourdieu’s theory of symbolic power and the state
Loyal, S., & Quilley, S. (2017) · Theory and Society · doi:10.1007/s11186-017-9298-y · Cited by 36
Demonstrating the Stone-Age in Dutch New Guinea
Rutherford, D. (2015) · ANU Press eBooks · doi:10.22459/fsart.04.2015.02 · Cited by 36
The DART annotation scheme: form, appliability & application
Weißer, M. (2019) · Studia Neophilologica · doi:10.1080/00393274.2019.1616218 · Cited by 36
The Cambridge School and Kripke: Bug Detecting with the History of Political Thought
Bosworth, W., & Dowding, K. M. (2019) · The Review of Politics · doi:10.1017/s0034670519000512 · Cited by 36
Language Loss and Illocutionary Silencing
Nowak, E. (2019) · Mind · doi:10.1093/mind/fzz051 · Cited by 36
“On their view, this silencing is a result of the fact that such pornography undermines what Austin (1962) called the ‘uptake condition’ on speech acts, according to which a certain kind of audience reaction is a necessary condition on an act’s counting as a speech act of the intended type, or even…”
Background
Settler state apologies and the elusiveness of forgiveness: The purification ritual that does not purify
Bentley, T. (2019) · Contemporary Political Theory · doi:10.1057/s41296-019-00356-6 · Cited by 36
“Drawing on Austin (1975), academic literature habitually affirms that apology is a speech act.”
Background
The pragmatics of ritual
Kádár, D. Z., & House, J. (2020) · Pragmatics Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) · doi:10.1075/prag.19016.kad · Cited by 36
Non-Ideal Foundations of Language
Keiser, J. (2022) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003188537 · Cited by 47
Enacting corporate governance of healthcare safety and quality: a dramaturgy of hospital boards in England
Freeman, T., Millar, R. W., Mannion, R., et al. (2015) · Sociology of Health & Illness · doi:10.1111/1467-9566.12309 · Cited by 36
Contextualism in the Study of Indian Intellectual Cultures
Ganeri, J. (2008) · Journal of Indian Philosophy · doi:10.1007/s10781-008-9039-7 · Cited by 36
Is Dance a Language? Movement, Meaning and Communication
Bannerman, H. (2014) · Dance Research · doi:10.3366/drs.2014.0087 · Cited by 36
The Performative Force of Photography
Levin, L. (2009) · Photography and Culture · doi:10.2752/175145109x12532077132473 · Cited by 36
‘As Shakespeare so Memorably Said…’: Quotation, Rhetoric, and the Performance of Politics
Atkins, J., & Finlayson, A. (2014) · Political Studies · doi:10.1111/1467-9248.12156 · Cited by 44
How to Say Things with Wars: Performativity and Discursive Rupture in the Requerimiento of the Spanish Conquest
Faudree, P. (2012) · Journal of Linguistic Anthropology · doi:10.1111/j.1548-1395.2012.01152.x · Cited by 15
Linguistic Persuasion as an Essential Political Factor in Current Democracies: Critical Analysis of the Globalization Discourse in Argentina at the Turn and at the End of the Century
Pardo, M. L. (2001) · Discourse & Society · doi:10.1177/0957926501012001006 · Cited by 36
Rehabilitation of aphasia: application of melodic-rhythmic therapy to Italian language
Cortese, M. D., Riganello, F., Arcuri, F., Pignataro, M., & Buglione, I. (2015) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00520 · Cited by 42
“All subjects had been treated by conventional speech therapy rehabilitation procedures for 3–17 months before entering the study.”
Background
Understanding the theory behind the Last Planner System using the Language-Action Perspective: two case studies
Viana, D. D., Formoso, C. T., & Isatto, E. L. (2016) · Production Planning & Control · doi:10.1080/09537287.2016.1233360 · Cited by 42
After Utopia: Leftist imaginaries and activist politics in the postsocialist world
Kurtović, L., & Sargsyan, N. (2019) · History and Anthropology · doi:10.1080/02757206.2018.1530669 · Cited by 40
“Discourses about the past do not merely reflect actual historical experience – they are a form of performative speech that has the capacity to transform the world (Austin 1975; Derrida 1988; Butler 1997).”
Background
Expressive Speech Acts in Educational e-chats
Maíz-Arévalo, C. (2017) · Pragmática Sociocultural / Sociocultural Pragmatics · doi:10.1515/soprag-2017-0016 · Cited by 41
Queer/ing film festivals: history, theory, impact
Dawson, L., & Loist, S. (2018) · Studies in European Cinema · doi:10.1080/17411548.2018.1442901 · Cited by 37
How expectations became governable: institutional change and the performative power of central banks
Wansleben, L. J. (2018) · Theory and Society · doi:10.1007/s11186-018-09334-0 · Cited by 36
Conversational Interfaces for Explainable AI: A Human-Centred Approach
Jentzsch, S. F., Höhn, S., & Hochgeschwender, N. (2019) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-30391-4_5 · Cited by 37
The limits of plain legal language: understanding the comprehensible style in law
Ződi, Z. (2019) · International Journal of Law in Context · doi:10.1017/s1744552319000260 · Cited by 36
Annotating Argument Schemes
Visser, J., Lawrence, J. S., Reed, C., et al. (2020) · Argumentation · doi:10.1007/s10503-020-09519-x · Cited by 36
A cross-cultural analysis of the speech act of congratulating in Kabyle and Jordanian Arabic
Alghazo, S. M., Zemmour, S., Salem, M. N. A., et al. (2021) · Ampersand · doi:10.1016/j.amper.2021.100075 · Cited by 36
Bourdieu, Language and the Media
Myles, J. F. (2010) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230283053 · Cited by 36
Syncretism and the Holy Man in Late Antique Egypt
Frankfurter, D. T. M. (2003) · Journal of early Christian studies · doi:10.1353/earl.2003.0043 · Cited by 36
Towards a Theory of Interpretation: Cartographic Semiosis
Casti, E. (2005) · Cartographica The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization · doi:10.3138/m4m1-r663-32v2-w151 · Cited by 36
Modelling conversational pragmatics in communication aids
Todman, J., & Alm, N. A. (2003) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/s0378-2166(02)00130-3 · Cited by 36
Feature Selection for High Dimensional Data: An Evolutionary Filter Approach
Yahya (2011) · Journal of Computer Science · doi:10.3844/jcssp.2011.800.820 · Cited by 36
“It has roots in several language theories of meaning, particularly speech act theory (Austin, 1962), which interprets any utterance as a kind of action, called speech act and categorizes speech acts into speech acts categories (Searle, 1975).”
Background
Perform or else: the performative enhancement of teacher professionalism
Liew, W. M. (2012) · Asia Pacific Journal of Education · doi:10.1080/02188791.2012.711297 · Cited by 36
Hallowed Grounds: The Role of Cultural Values, Practices, and Institutions in TMS in an Offshored Complex Engineering Services Project
Järvenpää, S. L., & Keating, E. (2011) · IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management · doi:10.1109/tem.2010.2091133 · Cited by 36
Acting ”Cool” and ”Appropriate”: Toward a Framework for considering Literacy Classroom Interactions When Race is a Factor
Rex, L. A. (2006) · Journal of Literacy Research · doi:10.1207/s15548430jlr3803_2 · Cited by 37
Stalemate
Brook, H. (2002) · Feminist Theory · doi:10.1177/1460012002003001065 · Cited by 36
Remorse and neutralization among violent male offenders
Presser, L. (2003) · Justice Quarterly · doi:10.1080/07418820300095701 · Cited by 36
The Impact of Metacognitive Instruction on EFL Learners’ Listening Comprehension and Oral Language Proficiency
Rahimi, M., & Katal, M. (2013) · Journal of teaching language skills · doi:10.22099/jtls.2013.1555 · Cited by 36
The Semiotics of User Interfaces
Sjöström, J., & Goldkuhl, G. (2004) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/1-4020-2162-3_14 · Cited by 36
Regulation of Speech in Multicultural Societies: Introduction
Maussen, M., & Grillo, R. D. (2013) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2013.851470 · Cited by 36
Mediatized public crisis and civil society renewal: The racist murder of Stephen Lawrence
Cottle, S. (2005) · Crime Media Culture An International Journal · doi:10.1177/1741659005050243 · Cited by 36
Aesthetics, performativity and resistance in the narratives of a computer programming community
Case, P., & Piñeiro, E. (2006) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726706066853 · Cited by 36
Genre Identification Based on SFL Principles: The Representation of Text Types and Genres in English Language Teaching Material
Melissourgou, M. N., & Frantzi, K. T. (2017) · Corpus Pragmatics · doi:10.1007/s41701-017-0013-z · Cited by 38
(De)securitisation dilemmas: Theorising the simultaneous enaction of securitisation and desecuritisation
Austin, J. L., & Beaulieu-Brossard, P. (2017) · Review of International Studies · doi:10.1017/s0260210517000511 · Cited by 36
Self-citation
Understanding Positive Subjectivities Made Possible Online for Disabled People
Bowker, N., & Tuffin, K. F. (2007) · New Zealand journal of psychology · Cited by 36
Agreement/Disagreement An Example Of Results Of Discourse Analysis Applied To The Oral English Classroom
Pearson, E. (1986) · ITL Review of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1075/itl.74.03pea · Cited by 36
Applying Socio-Semiotics to Organizational Communication
Cooren, F. (1999) · Management Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0893318999132006 · Cited by 36
Acting with genres: discursive-ethical concepts for reflecting on and legitimating genres
Yetim, F. (2006) · European Journal of Information Systems · doi:10.1057/palgrave.ejis.3000595 · Cited by 37
Memory for the intentions of sentences
Jarvella, R. J., & Collas, J. G. (1974) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03197513 · Cited by 36
Das ethnomethodologische Programm einer „radikalen“ Soziologie
Eickelpasch, R. (1982) · Zeitschrift für Soziologie · doi:10.1515/zfsoz-1982-0101 · Cited by 36
A proposal for valuing information and instrumental goods
Alstyne, M. V. (1999) · Journal of the Association for Information Systems · doi:10.5555/352925.352957 · Cited by 36
Generic Layered Patterns for Business Modelling
Lind, M., & Goldkuhl, G. (2001) · Cited by 36
Women's self-assessed personal health resources
Malterud, K., & Hollnagel, H. (1997) · Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care · doi:10.3109/02813439709035021 · Cited by 37
Language Games: Dialogical Analysis of INF Negotiations
Duffy, G., Frederking, B., & Tucker, S. A. (1998) · International Studies Quarterly · doi:10.1111/1468-2478.00082 · Cited by 36
JAFMAS
Chauhan, D., & Baker, A. D. (1998) · doi:10.1145/280765.280782 · Cited by 36
Encouraging the strengths of women patients
Malterud, K., & Hollnagel, H. (1999) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/14034948990270040901 · Cited by 36
Discourse Analysis and Written Discourse Conventions
Atkinson, D. (1990) · Annual Review of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1017/s0267190500001951 · Cited by 37
Developing formal specifications to coordinate heterogeneous autonomous agents
Singh, M. P. (2002) · International Conference on Multi Agent Systems · doi:10.1109/icmas.1998.699063 · Cited by 36
Practical Language: Its Meaning and Use.
Charlow, N. A. (2011) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan) · Cited by 36
The Geographies of Marginalization
Trudeau, D., & McMorran, C. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781444395211.ch25 · Cited by 40

Authors: Austin, J. L.
Corresponding author: Austin, J.L.
Venue: Routledge eBooks
Publisher: Oxford University PressOxford
Published: 1975-09-18
Pages: 177-182
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198245537.001.0001
OpenAlex: W1576632330
Cited by: 21,496
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 432 · 2025: 587 · 2024: 705 · 2023: 823 · 2022: 768 · 2021: 996 · 2020: 1094 · 2019: 1291 · 2018: 1056 · 2017: 881 · 2016: 898 · 2015: 873 · 2014: 960 · 2013: 858 · 2012: 797
FWCI: 374.62
Type: book chapter
Language: en
Open access: green
hdl.handle.net
Licence: other-oa
Locations: Routledge eBooks (publishedVersion)
DIAL (Catholic University of Leuven) (submittedVersion)
MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Wittgensteinian philosophy and applications
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics
Keywords: performatives, illocutionary force, statements, speech acts, pragmatics, philosophy of language

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How To Do Things With Words

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks