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The Motoneurone and its Muscle Fibres
Abstract
This book presents a summary of knowledge concerning somatic motoneurones, the cells which link the central nervous system to the skeletal muscles. There are two functional kinds of such motoneurones: the alpha motoneurones innervating skeletal muscle fibres and the smaller gamma motoneurones which exclusively innervate muscle fibres of complex intramuscular sense organs, the muscle spindles. This book deals primarily with the alpha motoneurones, which together constitute the main output interface of the central nervous system and without which no muscle action is possible. The study of motoneurones is important for general insights as to how neurones work, because the alpha motoneurone is probably the best understood kind of nerve cell so far in neuroscience. Motoneurones of the spinal cord were the first type of central nerve cell to be subjected to detailed physiological measurements, and much is known about how their activity is regulated by synapses from other neurones. For most of the individual neurones within the central nervous system, the precise functional tasks are difficult to define. However, for alpha motoneurones much is known about their short- and long-term interactions with their main targets, the skeletal muscle fibres. Functions of neurones must be analyzed in relation to the response properties of their target cells. Therefore, this book deals with both, summarizing classical as well as recent knowledge concerning motoneurones and their muscle fibres (i.e., motor units).
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In the citing paper
“As expected, further increases in discharge rate had less influence except for the faster units, thus reflecting a difference in speed-related properties between low- and high-threshold MUs (Kernell 2006).”
From Rate of force development: physiological and methodological considerations (2016) · cites this paper as Kernell 2006
In the citing paper
“In many animals, from flies10 to humans1, motor units in muscles that control the same joint (that is, a motor pool) are recruited in a stereotyped order: small MNs that innervate slow-twitch fibres fire first, followed by larger MNs that innervate more powerful fast-twitch fibres.”
From Synaptic architecture of leg and wing premotor control networks in Drosophila (2024) · cites this paper as [1]
In the citing paper
“In all limbed animals studied to date, measurements of MN size, such as soma volume, axon diameter and dendritic surface area, have been found to correlate with both the number and physiology of the muscle fibres innervated by the MN and the amount of force produced by the motor unit1,23,24.”
From Synaptic architecture of leg and wing premotor control networks in Drosophila (2024) · cites this paper as [1]
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Rate of force development: physiological and methodological considerations
Maffiuletti, N. A., Aagaard, P., Blazevich, A. J., Folland, J., Tillin, N., & Duchateau, J. (2016) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3346-6 · Cited by 1,424
Heckman, C. J., & Enoka, R. M. (2012) · Comprehensive Physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c100087 · Cited by 414
Vila-Chã, C., Falla, D., & Farina, D. (2010) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01213.2009 · Cited by 178
Serotonin Affects Movement Gain Control in the Spinal Cord
Wei, K., Glaser, J. I., Deng, L., Thompson, C. K., Stevenson, I. H., Wang, Q., Hornby, T. G., Heckman, C. J., & Kording, K. P. (2014) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1855-14.2014 · Cited by 135
Connectomic reconstruction of a female Drosophila ventral nerve cord
Azevedo, A., Lesser, E., Phelps, J. S., Mark, B., Elabbady, L., Kuroda, S., Sustar, A., Moussa, A., Khandelwal, A., Dallmann, C. J., et al. (2024) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07389-x · Cited by 120
Core Stability in Athletes: A Critical Analysis of Current Guidelines
Wirth, K., Hartmann, H., Mickel, C., Szilvas, E., Keiner, M., & Sander, A. (2017) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0597-7 · Cited by 111
A size principle for recruitment of Drosophila leg motor neurons
Azevedo, A. W., Dickinson, E. S., Gurung, P., Venkatasubramanian, L., Mann, R. S., & Tuthill, J. C. (2020) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.56754 · Cited by 87
Synaptic architecture of leg and wing premotor control networks in Drosophila
Lesser, E., Azevedo, A. W., Phelps, J. S., Elabbady, L., Cook, A., Syed, D. S., Mark, B., Kuroda, S., Sustar, A., Moussa, A., et al. (2024) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07600-z · Cited by 71
Tools for connectomic reconstruction and analysis of a female Drosophila ventral nerve cord
Azevedo, A., Lesser, E., Phelps, J. S., Mark, B., Elabbady, L., Kuroda, S., Sustar, A., Moussa, A., Kandelwal, A., Dallmann, C. J., et al. (2022) · doi:10.1101/2022.12.15.520299 · Cited by 120
Synaptic architecture of leg and wing premotor control networks in Drosophila
Lesser, E., Azevedo, A. W., Phelps, J. S., Elabbady, L., Cook, A., Syed, D. S., Mark, B., Kuroda, S., Sustar, A., Moussa, A., et al. (2023) · doi:10.1101/2023.05.30.542725 · Cited by 71
Metadata
- Authors
- Kernell, D.
- Corresponding author
- Kernell, Daniel
- Venue
- Oxford University Press eBooks
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Published
- 2006-08-17
- OpenAlex
- W615559726
- Cited by
- 149
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 4.86
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Oxford University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- alpha motoneurons, gamma motoneurones, motor units, skeletal muscle fibers, muscle spindles, spinal cord
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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