The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Does Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy Have a Direct Effect on Future Offspring Obesity? Evidence from a Prospective Birth Cohort Study
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Catch-up growth is normally observed in children exposed to intrauterine maternal smoking, and there is evidence linking maternal smoking and childhood obesity in offspring, especially those from the mothers who smoke during early pregnancy (Power and Jefferis, 2002; Al Mamun et al., 2006).”
From Cigarette Smoking and Brain Regulation of Energy Homeostasis (2012) · cites this paper as Al Mamun et al., 2006
In the citing paper
“Adolescents who are the offspring of mothers who smoked had an increased risk of being among the highest percentile for body mass index (Power and Jefferis, 2002; Al Mamun et al., 2006).”
From Cigarette Smoking and Brain Regulation of Energy Homeostasis (2012) · cites this paper as Al Mamun et al., 2006
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Obesity in children and young people: a crisis in public health
Lobstein, T., Baur, L., & Uauy, R. (2004) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2004.00133.x · Cited by 3,801
Childhood obesity: public-health crisis, common sense cure
Ebbeling, C. B., Pawlak, D. B., & Ludwig, D. S. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)09678-2 · Cited by 2,980
Freedman, D. S., Dietz, W. H., Srinivasan, S. R., & Berenson, G. S. (1999) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.103.6.1175 · Cited by 2,456
Banting Lecture 1980. Of pregnancy and progeny
Freinkel, N. (1980) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.29.12.1023 · Cited by 1,366
Handling drop‐out in longitudinal studies
Hogan, J. W., Roy, J., & Korkontzelou, C. (2004) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.1728 · Cited by 404
Maternal cigarette smoking and child psychiatric morbidity: a longitudinal study
Williams, G. M., O'Callaghan, M., Najman, J. M., Bor, W., Andersen, F. M. J., Richards, A. D., & BSc, C. U. (1998) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.102.1.e11 · Cited by 203
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 31
- Lazarus R, Wake M, Hesketh K, et al. Change in body mass index in Australian primary school children, 1985–1997. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord2000;24:679–84. · DOI
- Ferguson MA, Gutin B, Owens S, et al. Fat distribution and hemostatic measures in obese children. Am J Clin Nutr1998;67:1136–40. · DOI
- Ford ES, Galuska DA, Gillespie C, et al. C-reactive protein and body mass index in children: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994. J Pediatr2001;138:486–92. · DOI
- Tounian P, Aggoun Y, Dubern B, et al. Presence of increased stiffness of the common carotid artery and endothelial dysfunction in severely obese children: a prospective study. Lancet2001;358:1400–4. · DOI
- Srinivasan SR, Myers L, Berenson GS. Predictability of childhood adiposity and insulin for developing insulin resistance syndrome (syndrome X) in young adulthood: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Diabetes2002;51:204–9. · DOI
- Daniels SR, Arnell DK, Eckel RH, et al. Overweight in children and adolescents: pathophysiology, consequences, prevention, and treatment. Circulation2005;111:1999–2012. · DOI
- Oken E, Gillman MW. Fetal origins of obesity. Obes Res2003;11:496–506. · DOI
- Levin BE, Govek E. Gestational obesity accentuates obesity in obesity-prone progeny. Am J Physiol1998;275:R1374–9. · DOI
- Levin BE. The obesity epidemic: metabolic imprinting on genetically susceptible neural circuits. Obes Res2000;8:342–7. · DOI
- Freinkel N. Of pregnancy and progeny. Diabetes1980;29:1023–35. · DOI · Paper page
- Whitaker R, Dietz WH. Role of the prenatal environment in the development of obesity. J Pediatr1998;132:768–76. · DOI
- Power C, Jefferis BJ. Fetal environment and subsequent obesity: a study of maternal smoking. Int J Epidemiol2002;31:420–1. · DOI
- von Kries R, Toschke AM, Koletzko B, et al. Maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood obesity. Am J Epidemiol2002;156:954–61. · DOI
- Toschke AM, Montgomery SM, Pfeiffer U, et al. Early intrauterine exposure to tobacco-inhaled products and obesity. Am J Epidemiol2003;158:1068–74. · DOI
- Wideroe M, Vik T, Jacobsen G, et al. Does maternal smoking during pregnancy cause childhood overweight? Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol2003;17:171–9. · DOI
- Vik T, Jacobsen G, Vatten L, et al. Pre- and post-natal growth in children of women who smoked in pregnancy. Early Hum Dev1996;45:245–55. · DOI
- Dallongeville J, Marecaux N, Fruchart JC, et al. Cigarette smoking is associated with unhealthy patterns of nutrient intake: a meta-analysis. J Nutr1998;128:1450–7. · DOI
- Fried PA, Watkinson B, Gray R. Growth from birth to early adolescence in offspring prenatally exposed to cigarettes and marijuana. Neurotoxicol Teratol1999;21:513–25. · DOI
- Blake KV, Gurrin LC, Evand SF, et al. Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy, low birth weight and subsequent blood pressure in early childhood. Early Hum Dev2000;57:137–47. · DOI
- Williams S, Poulton R. Twins and maternal smoking: ordeals for the fetal origins hypothesis? A cohort study. BMJ1999;318:897–900. · DOI
- Keeping JD, Najman JM, Morrison J, et al. A prospective longitudinal study of social, psychological and obstetric factors in pregnancy: response rates and demographic characteristics of the 8556 respondents. Br J Obstet Gynaecol1989;96:289–97. · DOI
- Lawlor D, Najman JM, Sterne J, et al. Associations of parental, birth and early life characteristics with systolic blood pressure at age 5: findings from the Mater-University Study of Pregnancy and Its Outcomes. Circulation2004;110:2417–23. · DOI
- Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, et al. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ2000;320:1240–3. · DOI
- Lawlor DA, Bor W, O'Callaghan MJ, et al. Intrauterine growth and intelligence within sibling pairs: findings from the Mater-University Study of Pregnancy and Its Outcomes. J Epidemiol Community Health2005;59:279–82. · DOI
- Stathis SL, O'Callaghan DM, Williams GM, et al. Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy is an independent predictor for symptoms of middle ear disease at five years' postdelivery. Pediatrics1999;104:301–7. · DOI
- Swauger JE, Steichen TJ, Murphy TA, et al. An analysis of the mainstream smoke chemistry of samples of the U.S. cigarette market acquired between 1995 and 2000. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol2002;35:142–56. · DOI
- Rustemeier K, Stabbert R, Haussmann HJ, et al. Evaluation of the potential effects of ingredients added to cigarettes. Part 2: chemical composition of mainstream smoke. Food Chem Toxicol2002;40:93–104. · DOI
- Gao YL, Holloway AC, Zeng Z, et al. Prenatal exposure to nicotine causes postnatal obesity and altered perivascular adipose tissue function. Obes Res2005;13:687–92. · DOI · Paper page
- Kane JK, Parker SL, Matta SG, et al. Nicotine up-regulates expression of orexin and its receptors in rat brain. Endocrinology2000;141:3623–9. · DOI
- Li MD, Kane JK, Parker SL, et al. Nicotine administration enhances NPY expression in the rat hypothalamus. Brain Res2000;867:157–64. · DOI
- Slotkin TA. Fetal nicotine or cocaine exposure: which one is worse? J Pharmacol Exp Ther1998;285:931–45. · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Banderali, G., Martelli, A., Landi, M., Moretti, F., Betti, F., Radaelli, G., Lassandro, C., & Verduci, E. (2015) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-015-0690-y · Cited by 322
Smith, G. D. (2008) · Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology · doi:10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00191.x · Cited by 257
Nicotine and brain development
Dwyer, J. B., Broide, R. S., & Leslie, F. M. (2008) · Birth Defects Research Part C: Embryo Today: Reviews · doi:10.1002/bdrc.20118 · Cited by 256
Maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring obesity: meta-analysis
Ino, T. (2010) · Pediatrics International · doi:10.1111/j.1442-200x.2009.02883.x · Cited by 236
Rayfield, S., & Plugge, E. (2017) · Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2016-207376 · Cited by 183
Metadata
- Authors
- Al Mamun, A., Lawlor, D. A., Alati, R., O'Callaghan, M. J., Williams, G. M., & Najman, J. M.
- Venue
- American Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-06-14
- Volume
- 164
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 317-325
- ISSN
- 1476-6256
- 0002-9262
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 6
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Does Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy Have a Direct Effect on Future Offspring Obesity? Evidence from a Prospective Birth Cohort Study. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/aje/kwj209
- The paper
- Al Mamun, A., Lawlor, D. A., Alati, R., O'Callaghan, M. J., Williams, G. M., & Najman, J. M. (2006). Does Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy Have a Direct Effect on Future Offspring Obesity? Evidence from a Prospective Birth Cohort Study. American Journal of Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwj209
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.