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THE NEUROLOGY OF OBSESSIONAL SLOWNESS
Abstract
Seventeen of 59 patients admitted to hospital for treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) were found to have significant slowness, mainly due to difficulty in initiating goal-directed action and suppressing intrusive and perseverative behaviour. In this subgroup subtle neurological abnormalities were found more frequently than in healthy controls and included loss of motor fluency, hesitancy of initiation of limb movements, speech and gait abnormalities, cogwheel rigidity, complex repetitive movements and tics. Difficulties in cognitive set-shifting and complex spatial-and-shifting abilities were found on neuropsychological testing, but no correlation was found between these disturbances and either the degree of obsessionality or the severity of motor dysfunction. These results suggest that patients with obsessional slowness may have a dysfunction in the frontal-basal-ganglia loop system.
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“Slowness can also result from interference of obsessions with a task [44] or impaired decision making [45].”
From Projection-specific deficits in synaptic transmission in adult Sapap3-knockout mice (2020) · cites this paper as [44]
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Chamberlain, S. R., Blackwell, A. D., Fineberg, N. A., Robbins, T. W., & Sahakian, B. J. (2005) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2004.11.006 · Cited by 830
“Some studies have identified set-shifting deficits in OCD using the WCST (Hymas et al., 1991; Okasha et al., 2000), but others have not identified such deficits (Abbruzzese et al., 1995, 1997; Moritz et al., 2001, 2002).”
A critical evaluation of obsessive–compulsive disorder subtypes: Symptoms versus mechanisms
McKay, D., Abramowitz, J. S., Calamari, J. E., Kyrios, M., Radomsky, A. S., Sookman, D., Taylor, S. J., & Wilhelm, S. (2004) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2004.04.003 · Cited by 666
Toward a Neuroanatomy of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Insel, T. R. (1992) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820090067011 · Cited by 458
Functional Anatomy of Obsessive–Compulsive Phenomena
McGuire, P. K., Bench, C. J., Frith, C., Marks, I. M., Frackowiak, R. S. J., & Dolan, R. J. (1994) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.164.4.459 · Cited by 453
“Insel (1992) has suggested that dysfunction in this network underlies compulsive phenomena.”
BackgroundNeuropsychological performance in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a critical review
Kuelz, A. K., Hohagen, F., & Voderholzer, U. (2004) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2003.07.007 · Cited by 436
Metadata
- Authors
- HYMAS, N., LEES, A., BOLTON, D., EPPS, K., & HEAD, D.
- Affiliations
- Fulbourn Hospital (GB)
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (GB)
- Corresponding author
- HYMAS, N.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Brain
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1991
- Volume
- 114
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2203-2233
- ISSN
- 0006-8950 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2156
- OpenAlex
- W2041441236
- Cited by
- 152
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 5.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- obsessive-compulsive disorder, motor fluency, perseveration, intrusive thoughts, cogwheel rigidity, tics, set-shifting, frontal lobe dysfunction, neuropsychological deficits
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Brain, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Skills, Movement, Nervous System, Neuropsychological Tests, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Radionuclide Imaging, Time Factors
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