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Avian Facultative Hypothermic Responses: A Review
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that avian facultative hypothermic responses are more common, and occur in a wider variety of ecological contexts, than previously thought. The capacity for shallow hypothermia (rest-phase hypothermia) occurs throughout the avian phylogeny, but the capacity for pronounced hypothermia (torpor) appears to be restricted to certain taxa. Families in which torpor has been reported include the Todidae, Coliidae, Trochilidae, Apodidae, Caprimulgidae, and Columbidae. Facultative hypothermia occurs in species ranging in body mass (Mb) from <3 g to ca. 6500 g. Minimum body temperature (Tb) during hypothermia is continuously distributed from 4.3°C to ca. 38°C. The physiological distinction between torpor and rest-phase hypothermia is unclear. Whereas these two responses have traditionally been distinguished on the basis of Tb, we find little support for the biological reality of specific Tb limits. Instead, we argue that emphasis should be placed on understanding the relationship between metabolic and Tb reduction and the capacity to respond to external stimuli. Patterns of thermoregulation during avian hypothermic responses are relatively variable, and do not necessarily follow the entry–maintenance–arousal patterns that characterize mammalian responses. Avian hypothermic responses are determined by a suite of ecological and physiological determinants including food availability, ambient temperature, hormone levels, and breeding cycle. Respuestas Facultativas de la Hipotermia en Aves: Una Revisión Resumen. Evidencias recientes sugieren que las respuestas facultativas de la hipotermia aviar son más comunes y ocurren en una gran cantidad de contextos ecológicos, a diferencia de lo que anteriormente se pensaba. La capacidad de una hipotermia ligera (hipotermia de descanso) ocurre en toda la filogenia de las aves, pero la capacidad de mantener una hipotermia pronunciada (torpor) aparece sólo en ciertos taxones. El torpor ha sido reportado en las familias Todidae, Coliidae, Trochilidae, Apodidae, Caprimulgidae y Columbidae. La hipotermia facultativa ocurre en especies con un peso corporal (Mb) de <3 g hasta 6.5 kg. Durante la hipotermia, la temperatura mínima corporal (Tb) está distribuída contínuamente entre 4.3°C y 38°C. La diferencia fisiológica entre el torpor y la hipotermia de descanso no es clara. Tradicionalmente se ha reconocido que las dos respuestas se basan en la Tb. Sin embargo, nosotros encontramos pocas evidencias biológicas sobre límites específicos de la Tb. Por el contrario, nosotros argumentamos que el énfasis debe enfocarse en la relación entre la reducción metabólica y de Tb y la capacidad de responder a estímulos externos. Los patrones de termoregulación de las respuestas hipotérmicas de las aves son relativamente variables y no necesariamente siguen los patrones de entrada-mantenimiento-elevación que caracterizan estas respuestas en los mamíferos. Las respuestas de la hipotermia en aves están determinadas por la interacción entre factores ecológicos y fisiológicos como disponibilidad de alimentos, temperatura ambiental, niveles hormonales y ciclo reproductivo.
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Citations
Cites
Body temperature and metabolic rate during natural hypothermia in endotherms
Heldmaier, G., & Ruf, T. (1992) · Journal of Comparative Physiology B · doi:10.1007/bf00301619 · Cited by 350
Cited by
THE COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF FOOD DEPRIVATION: From Feast to Famine
Wang, T., Hung, C. C. Y., & Randall, D. J. (2006) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.68.040104.105739 · Cited by 538
Coping with Thermal Challenges: Physiological Adaptations to Environmental Temperatures
Tattersall, G. J., Sinclair, B. J., Withers, P. C., Fields, P. A., Seebacher, F., Cooper, C. E., & Maloney, S. K. (2012) · Comprehensive Physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c110055 · Cited by 340
Thermoregulation in endotherms: physiological principles and ecological consequences
Rezende, E. L., & Bacigalupe, L. D. (2015) · Journal of Comparative Physiology B · doi:10.1007/s00360-015-0909-5 · Cited by 83
Lees, J., Nudds, R., Stokkan, K.-A., Folkow, L., & Codd, J. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015490 · Cited by 25
Metadata
- Authors
- McKechnie, A. E., & Lovegrove, B. G.
- Venue
- The Condor
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2002-11-01
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 705-724
- ISSN
- 0010-5422 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-5129
- OpenAlex
- W2153533957
- Cited by
- 283
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 7.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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