Chatbots
Abstract
In this series, we explore technology-related themes and topics. This series aims to discuss and demystify what may be new areas for some readers and to consider their relevance for English language teachers.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Chatbots can be classified based on their purpose (assistant or conversation) and mode of communication (text or voice).
“As Lee et al. (2020, p. 339) have pointed out, chatbots ‘can be classified based on their purpose (i.e., assistant or conversation) and mode of communication (i.e., text or voice)’.”
From Chatbot breakthrough in the 2020s? An ethical reflection on the trend of automated consultations in health care (2022) · cites this paper as Lee et al. 2020
Cites
From Eliza to XiaoIce: Challenges and opportunities with social chatbots
Shum, H.-Y., He, X.-D., & Li, D. (2018) · Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering · doi:10.1631/fitee.1700826 · Cited by 749 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
ChatGPT for Language Teaching and Learning
Kohnke, L., Moorhouse, B. L., & Zou, D. (2023) · RELC Journal · doi:10.1177/00336882231162868 · Cited by 1,371 · see citing works
Exploring AI chatbot affordances in the EFL classroom: young learners’ experiences and perspectives
Jeon, J. (2024) · Computer Assisted Language Learning · doi:10.1080/09588221.2021.2021241 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
Dimitriadou, E., & Lanitis, A. (2023) · Smart Learning Environments · doi:10.1186/s40561-023-00231-3 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Chatbot-assisted dynamic assessment (CA-DA) for L2 vocabulary learning and diagnosis
Jeon, J. (2023) · Computer Assisted Language Learning · doi:10.1080/09588221.2021.1987272 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Parviainen, J., & Rantala, J. (2022) · Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy · doi:10.1007/s11019-021-10049-w · Cited by 146 · see citing works
The impact of ChatGPT on L2 writing and expected responses: Voice from doctoral students
Zou, M., & Huang, L. (2024) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-023-12397-x · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Abdelhalim, S. M., & Alsehibany, R. (2025) · Language Learning & Technology · doi:10.64152/10125/73635 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lee, J. H., Yang, H., Shin, D., & Kim, H.
- Venue
- ELT Journal
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2020-07
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 338-344
- ISSN
- 0951-0893 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-4526
- OpenAlex
- W4245936709
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 1.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- ELT Journal (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2018S1A5A2A03037255)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › AI in Service Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › English Language Learning and Teaching
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Artificial Intelligence in Education
- Keywords
- chatbots, English language teaching, artificial intelligence in education, technology-enhanced language learning
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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