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Cited by 370Artificial Intelligence in EducationEducational Technology and PedagogyIntelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning

A Critical Evaluation, Challenges, and Future Perspectives of Using Artificial Intelligence and Emerging Technologies in Smart Classrooms

Open access
Dimitriadou, Eleni, Lanitis, Andreas·2023·Smart Learning Environments
DOI 10.1186/s40561-023-00231-3PMC PMC9900563
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Abstract

The term "Smart Classroom" has evolved over time and nowadays reflects the technological advancements incorporated in educational spaces. The rapid advances in technology, and the need to create more efficient and creative classes that support both in-class and remote activities, have led to the integration of Artificial Intelligence and smart technologies in smart classes. In this paper we discuss the concept of Artificial Intelligence in Education and present a literature review related to smart classroom technology, with an emphasis on emerging technologies such as AI-related technologies. As part of this survey key technologies related to smart classes used for effective class management that enhance the convenience of classroom environments, the use of different types of smart teaching aids during the educational process and the use of automated performance assessment technologies are presented. Apart from discussing a variety of technological accomplishments in each of the aforementioned areas, the role of AI is discussed, allowing the readers to comprehend the importance of AI in key technologies related to smart classes. Furthermore, through a SWOT analysis, the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of adopting AI in smart classes are presented, while the future perspectives and challenges in utilizing AI-based techniques in smart classes are discussed. This survey targets educators and AI professionals so that the former get informed about the potential, and limitations of AI in education, while the latter can get inspiration from the challenges and peculiarities of educational AI-based systems.

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  • Development of critical competencies involves preparing students to use technology in ethical and reflective ways, fostering skills such as critical thinking and problem-solving.

    “Finally, the development of critical competencies involves preparing students to use technology in ethical and reflective ways, fostering skills such as critical thinking and problem-solving (Dimitriadou and Lanitis, 2023).”

    From Ethical and regulatory challenges of Generative AI in education: a systematic review (2025) · cites this paper as Dimitriadou and Lanitis, 2023

    The Discussion–future directions, Data handling section calls for careful evaluation of the ethical implications, benefits, and risks of educational technology. It does not say that students should be prepared to use technology ethically and reflectively, or that this preparation fosters critical thinking and problem-solving skills. No page number is available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.82)

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  • Compared to earlier studies, this analysis offers a deeper categorization and highlights the tension between AI's potential and its limitations.

    “Compared to earlier studies [19,37], this analysis offers a deeper categorization and highlights the tension between AI's potential and its limitations.”

    From Systematic review of artificial intelligence in education: trends, benefits, and challenges (2025) · cites this paper as [19]

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Research works printed but not linked: 11

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Authors
Dimitriadou, E., & Lanitis, A.
Affiliations
Cyprus University of Technology (CY)
Corresponding author
Dimitriadou, Eleni
ORCID
Venue
Smart Learning Environments
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2023-02-06
Volume
10
Issue
1
Pages
12-12
ISSN
2196-7091 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s40561-023-00231-3
PMC
PMC9900563
OpenAlex
W4319318680
Cited by
370
References
157
Citations by year
2026: 90 · 2025: 149 · 2024: 96 · 2023: 35
FWCI
15.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Smart Learning Environments (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Ktisis at Cyprus University of Technology (Cyprus University of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Ktisis at Cyprus University of Technology (Cyprus University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
Funders
European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (739578)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Artificial Intelligence in Education
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Educational Technology and Pedagogy
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning
Keywords
smart classroom, artificial intelligence in education, classroom management, automated assessment

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