The Agricultural Impacts of Armed Conflicts: The Case of Fulani Militia
Abstract
Fulani ethnic militia (FEM) violence has increased significantly in recent years, making it one of the most lethal groups in the world. However, empirical evidence on the impacts of FEM on agriculture is scarce. We investigate the agricultural impacts of such violence in the case of Nigeria using a nationally representative panel dataset and armed conflict data. We find that increased FEM violence reduces agricultural output, outputs of specific staple crops and area harvested. FEM violence also reduces farmers’ cattle holdings by increasing cattle thefts and losses and reducing purchased cattle. The agricultural development implications of the FEM cannot be ignored.
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Cattle theft by criminal syndicates and the illegal extraction and competition over natural resources such as gold by non-state actors creates an enabling environment for armed banditry.
“Cattle theft by the criminal syndicates and the illegal extraction and competition over natural resources such as gold by non-state actors creates an enabling environment for armed banditry.”
From Forces of Terror: Armed Banditry and Insecurity in North-west Nigeria (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
Cites
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Climate change, rainfall, and social conflict in Africa
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Why do pastoralists in Mali join jihadist groups? A political ecological explanation
Benjaminsen, T. A., & Ba, B. (2019) · The Journal of Peasant Studies · doi:10.1080/03066150.2018.1474457 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Effects of conflict on agriculture: Evidence from the Boko Haram insurgency
Adelaja, A., & George, J. (2019) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.01.010 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Self-citationUnderstanding Herder-Farmer Conflicts in West Africa: Outline of a Processual Approach
Moritz, M. (2010) · Human Organization · doi:10.17730/humo.69.2.aq85k02453w83363 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
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Forces of Terror: Armed Banditry and Insecurity in North-west Nigeria
Ojo, J. S., Oyewole, S., & Aina, F. (2023) · Democracy and Security · doi:10.1080/17419166.2023.2164924 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
- Authors
- George, J., Adelaja, A., & Awokuse, T. O.
- Affiliations
- Michigan State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Adelaja, Adesoji
- Venue
- European Review of Agricultural Economics
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2020-09-13
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 538-572
- ISSN
- 0165-1587 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-3618
- OpenAlex
- W3084755387
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 8.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- European Review of Agricultural Economics (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law › Environmental and Biological Research in Conflict Zones
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Diverse Research Studies Overview
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Land Rights and Reforms
- Keywords
- armed conflict, agricultural production, staple crops, harvested area, cattle theft, Nigeria
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