Low Free Testosterone is Associated with Heart Failure Mortality in Older Men Referred for Coronary Angiography
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Aims: Accumulating evidence suggests that androgen deficiency is associated with cardiovascular disease. We aimed at evaluating whether total testosterone (TT) and free testosterone (FT) are associated with specific cardiovascular events. Methods and results: We measured TT and sex-hormone-binding globulin levels in 2078 men who were routinely referred for coronary angiography between 1997 and 2000. Free testosterone was calculated according to Vermeulen. Main outcome measures were Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) for sudden cardiac death, fatal myocardial infarction, death from congestive heart failure (CHF), as well as other cardiac deaths according to quartiles of TT and FT. The median follow-up time was 7.7 years. Multivariable adjusted HRs (with 95% confidence intervals) in the fourth compared with the first FT quartile and per 1 SD increase in FT for CHF mortality were 0.38 (0.17–0.87) and 0.37 (0.15–0.89), respectively. We observed no independent significant association of FT with sudden cardiac death, fatal myocardial infarction, or other cardiac death. There was no independent association of TT levels with cardiovascular events or cardiac disease. Conclusion: Low levels of FT are independently associated with increased CHF mortality.
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Low testosterone levels in men are related to adverse events including increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
“Likewise, low testosterone levels in men are related to adverse events including increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality [6–9].”
From Effects of vitamin D supplementation on androgens in men with low testosterone levels: a randomized controlled trial (2019) · cites this paper as [8]
Cites
A Critical Evaluation of Simple Methods for the Estimation of Free Testosterone in Serum
Vermeulen, A., Verdonck, L., & Kaufman, J. M. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.84.10.6079 · Cited by 3,824 · see citing works
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Adverse Events Associated with Testosterone Administration
Basaria, S., Coviello, A. D., Travison, T. G., Storer, T. W., Farwell, W. R., Jette, A. M., Eder, R., Tennstedt, S., Ulloor, J., Zhang, A., et al. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1000485 · Cited by 1,494 · see citing works
Fried, L. P. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.279.8.585 · Cited by 1,107 · see citing works
Khaw, K.-T., Dowsett, M., Folkerd, E., Bingham, S., Wareham, N., Luben, R., Welch, A., & Day, N. (2007) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.719005 · Cited by 743 · see citing works
Hormonal profile in patients with congestive heart failure
Kontoleon, P. E., Anastasiou-Nana, M. I., Papapetrou, P. D., Alexopoulos, G., Ktenas, V., Rapti, A. C., Tsagalou, E. P., & Nanas, J. N. (2003) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0167-5273(02)00212-7 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
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Vitamin D and Testosterone in Healthy Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Lerchbaum, E., Pilz, S., Trummer, C., Schwetz, V., Pachernegg, O., Heijboer, A. C., & Obermayer-Pietsch, B. (2017) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2017-01428 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationLerchbaum, E., Trummer, C., Theiler-Schwetz, V., Kollmann, M., Wölfler, M., Heijboer, A. C., Pilz, S., & Obermayer-Pietsch, B. (2019) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-018-1858-z · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Wehr, E., Pilz, S., Boehm, B. O., März, W., Grammer, T., & Obermayer-Pietsch, B.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of Graz (AT)
- Universität Ulm (DE)
- Synlab (Germany) (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Wehr, Elisabeth
- Venue
- European Journal of Heart Failure
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-05-01
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 482-488
- ISSN
- 1388-9842 (ISSN-L)
- 1879-0844
- OpenAlex
- W1994943602
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 8.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Journal of Heart Failure (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- free testosterone, total testosterone, androgen deficiency, sudden cardiac death, fatal myocardial infarction, sex hormone-binding globulin, older men, coronary angiography, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Heart Failure, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Testosterone, Death, Sudden, Cardiac, Coronary Angiography
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