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Effect of Race on Cultural Justifications for Caregiving
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Our objective in this study was to explore the effects of caregiver characteristics on cultural reasons given for providing care to dependent elderly family members. METHODS: The sample included 48 African American and 121 White caregivers. Using multivariate analyses, we used caregiver characteristics (e.g., race, gender, education) to predict scores on the Cultural Justifications for Caregiving Scale (CJCS). RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the CJCS was appropriate for both African American and White caregivers. African Americans had stronger cultural reasons for providing care than Whites, education levels were inversely related to CJCS scores, and the influences of gender and age on cultural reasons were moderated by race. Compared to females, African American males had lower CJCS scores, whereas White males had higher CJCS scores. Younger as compared to older White caregivers had higher CJCS scores. DISCUSSION: This study supports the long-standing cultural tradition of African American families providing care to dependent elders. Cultural reasons for caregiving need to be interpreted within the context of race and gender socialization. Social roles, such as husband or wife, son or daughter, can also help determine how individuals within a particular cultural group experience cultural expectations and obligations. Information from this study can inform culturally appropriate caregiving interventions.
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“however, there is limited research on whether these differences translate to more or fewer hours of care provided.25–29”
From Societal Costs of Dementia: 204 Countries, 2000–2019 (2024) · cites this paper as [29]
In the citing paper
“Cultural differences are known to affect caregiver motivation, wellbeing, and burden; however, there is limited research on whether these differences translate to more or fewer hours of care provided.25–29”
From Societal Costs of Dementia: 204 Countries, 2000–2019 (2024) · cites this paper as [29]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Dilworth-Anderson, P., Brummett, B. H., Goodwin, P., Williams, S. W., Williams, R. B., & Siegler, I. C.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- ORCID
- Williams, Redford B.
- Venue
- The Journals of Gerontology: Series B
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-09-01
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- S257-S262
- ISSN
- 1079-5014 (ISSN-L)
- 1758-5368
- OpenAlex
- W2156167579
- Cited by
- 285
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 20.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journals of Gerontology Series B (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (R01 AG19605, R01AG019605)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01HL036587)
- National Institute of Mental Health
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
- Social Sciences › Life-span and Life-course Studies › Aging, Elder Care, and Social Issues
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Nursing care and research
- Keywords
- race, African American caregivers, White caregivers, family caregiving, dependent elderly, gender differences, caregiver education, caregiver age, gender socialization
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Black or African American, Culture, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, North Carolina, Multivariate Analysis, Least-Squares Analysis, Caregivers, White People
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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