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Sleep Disturbances in Patients With Mild-Stage Alzheimer's Disease
Abstract
We examined the ability of sleep/wake measures to discriminate 45 control subjects from 44 mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Sleep fragmentation was observed as indicated by significant increases in time awake (37-52%) and number of awakenings (31-36%) during the night as compared to controls. Further, slow wave sleep (SWS) was significantly reduced (22%) in AD patients relative to controls. These findings are consistent with our earlier observations of increased wakefulness and decreased SWS in mild-moderate, moderate-severe, and severe stage AD patients. However, when we used these sleep/wake stage measures in discriminant analyses to classify the current AD subjects vs control subjects, the analyses failed to confirm our earlier high classification rate (90%). The present groups were discriminated at overall classification rates of only 63-67%. We conclude that while sleep/wake patterns are significantly disturbed in AD, this phenomenon is not diagnostically useful for discrimination of mild stage AD.
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“in patients with AD, sleep disruptions tend to begin after diagnosis261”
From Rhythms of life: circadian disruption and brain disorders across the lifespan (2019) · cites this paper as [261]
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“5 13 The prevalence of sleep disturbances in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is high, 14 and can increase the risk of transition from MCI to dementia.”
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“This study has been reviewed elsewhere by Vitiello et al. 132 Potential pathophysiological correlates of sleep observations are numerous.”
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Moysés‐Oliveira, M., Adami, L. N. G., Guerreiro, P., Mosini, A. C., Kloster, A. K., Cunha, L., Paschalidis, M., Marquezini, B. P., Pires, G. N., Tempaku, P. F., et al. (2023) · Rejuvenation Research · doi:10.1089/rej.2023.0019 · Cited by 1
“64 In addition, there is a greater risk of cognitive impairment in people with advanced sleep phase, 40 reduced sleep duration, 65 and changes in N2 and N3 architecture, 66,67 as well as increased dementia risk associated to reduced or increased sleep duration in elderly individuals.”
Halloy, N. R., Formanowicz, M., Pham, N. N. L., Hoyt, K. R., & Obrietan, K. H. (2025) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2025.115458 · Cited by 1
Dong, Y., Habte, R. F., Dessa, K. M., Fletcher, M. E., Ianni, A. M., Lopresti, B. J., Aizenstein, H. J., Cohen, A. D., Karikari, T. K., Weinstein, A. M., et al. (2026) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-026-09505-w · Cited by 3
Stress, stress systems, and Alzheimer's disease
Eberly, S. G., Phumsatitpong, C., Munro, C. E., Neylan, T. C., Kaufer, D., & Ehrenberg, A. J. (2026) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.71542 · Cited by 1
Understanding Stress, Immunity, and Sleep Disturbances in Caregivers of Persons with Dementia
Lehman, B. (2008) · University of Florida Digital Collections (University of Florida) · Cited by 1
Li, J., Chang, Y., Zhao, C., Wang, T., Xue, J., & Cai, Y. (2019) · Biological Rhythm Research · doi:10.1080/09291016.2019.1592353 · Cited by 1
Sleep Deprivation and Neurological Diseases
Bianchi, M. T. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-9087-6_5 · Cited by 1
Boeve, B. F. (2016) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781139924771.028 · Cited by 1
Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Disorders in Human Aging and Dementia
Vitiello, M. V. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-008045046-9.01620-x · Cited by 1
Self-citationTroubles du sommeil et démences
Bombois, S., Monaca, C. C., Derambure, P., et al. (2006) · Médecine du Sommeil · doi:10.1016/s1769-4493(06)70116-9 · Cited by 1
Jaciuch, D., Munns, J., Chawla, S., Davis, S. J., & Juusola, M. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.12.14.422675 · Cited by 1
“In alignment with these data, AD patients’ sleep has often been reported to be reduced and fragmented at night (Prinz et al., 1982; Vitiello et al., 1990).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Vitiello, M. V., Prinz, P. N., Williams, D. E., Frommlet, M. S., & Ries, R. K.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Gerontology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1990-07-01
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- M131-M138
- ISSN
- 0022-1422 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2121766792
- Cited by
- 223
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 3.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Gerontology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01mh045186-03, 5r23ag004348-03)
- National Institute on Aging (AG04348)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-45186, MH33688)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, mild Alzheimer's disease, sleep disorders, sleep fragmentation, slow-wave sleep, wakefulness, nocturnal awakenings, diagnostic value, discriminant analysis
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Sleep Wake Disorders, Sleep Stages
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