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Cited by 287

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The history of female genital tract malformation classifications and proposal of an updated system†

Acién, Pedro, Acién, Maribel I.·2011·Human Reproduction Update
DOI 10.1093/humupd/dmr021
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: A correct classification of malformations of the female genital tract is essential to prevent unnecessary and inadequate surgical operations and to compare reproductive results. An ideal classification system should be based on aetiopathogenesis and should suggest the appropriate therapeutic strategy. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of relevant articles found in PubMed, Scopus, Scirus and ISI webknowledge, and analysis of historical collections of 'female genital malformations' and 'classifications'. Of 124 full-text articles assessed for eligibility, 64 were included because they contained original general, partial or modified classifications. RESULTS: All the existing classifications were analysed and grouped. The unification of terms and concepts was also analysed. Traditionally, malformations of the female genital tract have been catalogued and classified as Müllerian malformations due to agenesis, lack of fusion, the absence of resorption and lack of posterior development of the Müllerian ducts. The American Fertility Society classification of the late 1980s included seven basic groups of malformations also considering the Müllerian development and the relationship of the malformations to fertility. Other classifications are based on different aspects: functional, defects in vertical fusion, embryological or anatomical (Vagina, Cervix, Uterus, Adnex and Associated Malformation: VCUAM classification). However, an embryological-clinical classification system seems to be the most appropriate. CONCLUSIONS: Accepting the need for a new classification system of genitourinary malformations that considers the experience gained from the application of the current classification systems, the aetiopathogenesis and that also suggests the appropriate treatment, we proposed an update of our embryological-clinical classification as a new system with six groups of female genitourinary anomalies.

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Metadata

Authors
Acién, P., & Acién, M. I.
Venue
Human Reproduction Update
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2011-07-04
Volume
17
Issue
5
Pages
693-705
ISSN
  • 1355-4786 (ISSN-L)
  • 1460-2369
DOI
10.1093/humupd/dmr021
OpenAlex
W2117485588
Cited by
287
References
21
FWCI
18.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The history of female genital tract malformation classifications and proposal of an updated system†. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/humupd/dmr021
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Acién, P., & Acién, M. I. (2011). The history of female genital tract malformation classifications and proposal of an updated system†. Human Reproduction Update. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmr021

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