Ultrastructural Studies of the Development of Nerves in Hydra
Abstract
Three types of mature epidermal neurons and several of their differentiating stages aie presented in this ultrastructural study. Each of the three types, neurosensory, neurosecretory, and ganglionic cells, is derived from interstitial cells, (i) Mature neurosensory cells contain elongated nuclei, a well-developed cilium in each cell, and membrane-bounded neurosecretory droplets (700–1300 A in diameter). There may be two or more neurites in which are numerous microtubules, glycogen particles, ribosomes and many neurosecretory droplets, (ii) Mature neurosecretory cells closely resemble neurosensory cells, except that no cilium is present. The perikarya contain small, dense nuclei, neurosecretory droplets (850–1300 A in diameter), mitochondria, glycogen particles, and microtubules. Active Golgi complexes are present in both cell types. The nemites are similar to those described for neurosensory cells, (iii) Mature ganglionic cells are bipolar or multipolar. The small, dense nuclei are surrounded by a small amount of cytoplasm. The neurites contain mostly microtubules; a few mitochondria, ribosomes, and glycogen particles are also present, but there are no secretory droplets. To date, only neurosensory and neurosecretory cells have been observed in the gastiodermis. They are structurally indistinguishable from their epideimal counterparts. A significant finding is that three types of synapses—neuromuscular, neuronematocyte, and interneuronal—are identified in both the epidermal and gastrodermal neurons.
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Two types of ganglion cells are commonly observed in cerianthids, sea anemone, hydrozoans and ctenophores.
“In addition, two types of ganglion cells are commonly observed, in cerianthids [128], sea anemone [132], hydrozoans [148] and ctenophores [129,134].”
From Gastric pouches and the mucociliary sole: setting the stage for nervous system evolution (2015) · cites this paper as [148]
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- Authors
- DAVIS, L. E.
- Affiliations
- Syracuse University (US)
- Corresponding author
- DAVIS, LOWELL E.
- Venue
- American Zoologist
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1974-05
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 551-573
- ISSN
- 0003-1569 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2087765595
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 6.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Zoologist (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- Hydra, nerve development, neurosecretory cells, ganglion cells, neurites, microtubules, Golgi apparatus, synapses, neuromuscular synapse, interstitial cells
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