Using case vignettes to measure HIV-related stigma among health professionals in China
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: We examined Chinese health professionals' attitudes towards patients with AIDS vs patients with hepatitis B. METHODS: A representative sample of 1101 Chinese health professionals was used. Prejudicial attitudes and willingness to interact were measured based on two case vignettes. RESULTS: Statistical analyses revealed that health professionals had negative biases against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and reported much less willingness to interact with AIDS patients than hepatitis B patients. Perceived risk of infection at work was also negatively associated with willingness to interact with patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS, but relationships varied by profession. CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores the importance of developing and implementing stigma reduction interventions in health care settings to address attitudinal biases and discrimination in clinical practice.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Li 2007 found attitudes as measured across subjects were more negative towards AIDS patients than towards hepatitis B patients.
“Attitudes as measured across subjects were more negative towards AIDS patients than towards hepatitis B patients.”
From Implicit bias in healthcare professionals: a systematic review (2017) · cites this paper as [61]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 29
- Kelly JA, St Lawrence JS, Smith S, Hood HV, Cook DJ. Stigmatization of AIDS patients by physicians. Am J Public Health 1987;77:789-91.
- Crawford I, Humfleet G, Ribordy SC, Ho FC, Vickers VL. Stigmatization of AIDS patients by mental health professionals. Prof Psychol Res Pract 1991;22:357-61.
- Ross MW, Hunter CE. Dimensions, content and validation of the fear of AIDS schedule in health professionals. AIDS Care 1991;3:175-80.
- Schlebusch L, Bedford R, Bosch BA, du Preez MR. Health care professionals' knowledge about AIDS, prejudice and attitudes towards AIDS. South African J Psychol 1991;21:247-54.
- Johnson SD. Model of factors related to tendencies to discriminate against people with AIDS. Psychol Reports 1995;76:563-72.
- Green G, Platt S. Fear and loathing in health care settings reported by people with HIV. Sociol Health Illness 1997;19:70-92.
- Surlis S, Hyde A. HIV-positive patients' experiences of stigma during hospitalization. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2001;12:68-77.
- Khakha DC. Discrimination in health care to patients living with HIV/ AIDS. Nursing J India 2003;94:273-75.
- Chen W-T, Han M, Holzemer WL. Nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practice related to HIV transmission in Northeastern China. AIDS Patient Care STDs 2004;18:417-22.
- Gerbert B, Maguire B, Badner V, et al. Changing dentists' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors relating to AIDS: a controlled educational intervention. J Am Dent Assoc 1988;116:851-54.
- Shulman LC, Mantell LE. The AIDS crisis: a United States health care perspective. Soc Sci Med 1988;26:979-88.
- Siminoff LA, Erlen JA, Lidz CW. Stigma, AIDS and quality of nursing care: state of the science. J Adv Nursing 1991;16:262-69.
- de Graaf R, Houweling H, van Zessen G. Occupational risk of HIV infection among western health care professionals posted in AIDS endemic areas. AIDS Care 1998;10:441-52.
- Herek GM, Capitanio JP, Widaman KF. HIV-related stigma and knowledge in the United States: Prevalence and trends, 1991-1999. Am J Public Health 2002;92:371-77.
- Wu Z, Detels R, Ji G, et al. Diffusion of HIV/AIDS knowledge, positive attitudes, and behaviors through training of health professionals in china. AIDS Educ Prev 2002;14:379-90.
- Brown L, Macintyre K, Trujillo L. Interventions to reduce HIV/AIDS stigma: What have we learned? AIDS Educ Prev 2001;15:49-69.
- Marchal B, De Brouwere V, Kegels G. Viewpoint: HIV/AIDS and the health workforce crisis: what are the next steps? Trop Med Int Health 2005;10:300-04.
- Chan KY, Reidpath DD. Future research on structural and institutional forms of HIV discrimination. AIDS Care 2005; 17:S215-18.
- Reidpath DD, Brijnath B, Chan KY. An Asia Pacific six-country study on HIV-related discrimination: introduction. AIDS Care 2005;17:S117-27.
- Yang Y, Zhang K-L, Chan KY, Reidpath DD. Institutional and structural forms of HIV related discrimination in health care: a study set in Beijing. AIDS Care 2005;17:S129-40.
- Berger BE, Ferrans CE, Lashley FR. Measuring stigma in people with HIV: psychometric assessment of the HIV stigma scale. Res Nursing Health 2001;24:518-29.
- Emlet CA. Measuring stigma in older and younger adults with HIV/AIDS: an analysis of an HIV stigma scale and initial exploration of subscales. Res Social Work Pract 2005;15:291-300.
- USAID Interagency Working Group on Stigma and Discrimination. HIV/AIDS-related Stigma and Discrimination Indicators Development Workshop Report. Washington DC: USAID, 2004.
- Rosenquist PB, Colenda CC, Briggs J, Kramer SI, Lancaster M. Using case vignettes to train clinicians and utilization reviewers to make level-of-care decisions. Psych Services 2000;51:1363-65.
- Peabody JW, Luck J, Glassman P, Dresselhaus TR, Lee M. Comparison of vignettes, standardized patients, and chart abstrac- tion: A prospective validation study of 3 methods for measuring quality. JAMA 2000;283:1715-22.
- Peabody JW, Luck J, Glassman P, et al. Measuring the quality of physician practice by using clinical vignettes: a prospective validation study. Ann Intern Med 2004;141:771-80.
- Himelhoch S, Gebo K, Breakey W, Powe NR. Schizophrenia, AIDS and the decision to prescribe HAART: results of a national survey of HIV clinicians. Poster session presented at the 131st Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Association, San Francisco, CA. Retrieved October 28, 2005 from http://apha.confex.com/apha/131am/ techprogram/paper_68436.htm. 'layering' of stigmatized conditions, such as serious mental illness and HIV? Psychol Reports 2004;95:771-79.
- Cohen LA, Romberg E, Grace EG, Barnes DM. Attitudes of advanced dental education students toward individuals with AIDS. J Dent Educ 2005;69:896-900.
- Arakawa O. (A study on disclosure by HIV positives by use of simulation using case vignettes). Nippon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 1997;44:749-59.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Implicit bias in healthcare professionals: a systematic review
FitzGerald, C., & Hurst, S. (2017) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/s12910-017-0179-8 · Cited by 2,398 · see citing works
Lutfey, K. E., Link, C. L., Grant, R. W., Marceau, L. D., & McKinlay, J. B. (2009) · Health Policy · doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2008.06.007 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
- Authors
- Li, L., Wu, Z., Zhao, Y., Lin, C., Detels, R., & Wu, S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Chinese Center For Disease Control and Prevention (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, L.
- Venue
- International Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-12-14
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 178-184
- ISSN
- 0300-5771 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-3685
- PMC
- PMC2803060
- OpenAlex
- W2116607805
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH070931)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Obesity and Health Practices
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- HIV stigma, healthcare workers, hepatitis B, case vignettes, occupational infection risk, stigma reduction interventions
- MeSH terms
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Adult, Attitude of Health Personnel, China, Educational Status, Female, Health Personnel, Hepatitis B, Humans, Male, Nurse-Patient Relations, Occupational Diseases, Physician-Patient Relations, Prejudice, Professional-Patient Relations, Risk Factors, HIV Infections, Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
